| Physical parameters were ascertained by criteria and experiments in the former design of dam engineering. In the course of dam running, managers acquire the data like strain and displacement using measure equipment which were embedded into the dam before it is found, but the friction coefficient and flexibility modulus, etc. which can also be used to analyze the dam running state are only measured through the experiments, so it costs much money, time and the data are not familiar to the truth. With the computing time's coming, the application of the FEM and BEM, etc. has expanded in the structure analysis, forward analysis theory and computing method are being to realization, and the precision of the measure facilities are also be improved, these can be good foundations to the inverse analysis in the field of structure. Via the inverse analysis we can know more about the real conditions of the dam, and the experience can be used for other similar project. In this paper, the main work on the inverse analysis is:1. Specify the problem in the traditional inverse analysis, and summarize the primary theories and methods in the inverse analysis.2. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is an evolutional computing method, which is usually used to optimize the function to get a precise answer. With ANSYS-APDL programming language as a research approach in forward analysis PSO is applied to build the inverse analysis model in the research of dam structure.3. Bring forward a new method in the dam structural inverse analysis, it is presented as the combination of uniform design, RBF response surface and PSO, by using the new method the speed of computing is quicker and the precision is higher than before in the inverse analysis, finally, an example is cited to explain the method.4. At last, shortage in this paper is pointed out, and more key problems which will affect the direction of the inverse analysis in the dam structure are indicated to be solved in the future.
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