The Beamforming Based On Vector-Sensor Array And Realization With DSP

Vector sensor has many advantages compared with the pressure hydrophone. And it can co-locately, simultaneously measure pressure and particle velocity, accordingly, acoustic intensity vector is obtained using those information, which consists of intensity and direction of sources. Vector sensor gains more sound field information than traditional pressure hydrophone, so it opens a new eye on improving the capability of acoustic measurement and resolving actual acoustic problems. Therefore, vector sensor becomes a hot topic in domain of array processing.In this thesis, we study thoroughly narrowband and wideband constant beamwidth beamforming based on beamforming of single vector sensor. Moreover, we accomplish the application on hardware.The main content is outlined as follows:1 Discussed the classification of vector sensor. The structure and working principle of resonance and pressure gradient vector sensor are introduced, and the calculate formula of the two type vector sensor's azimuth and elevation are derived.2 Narrowband beamforming is studied thoroughly according to the characteristic of vector sensor. Firstly, analyzing the receiving signal model of single vector sensor and its beamforming under different combination of pressure and particle velocity; then, discussing particularly the narrow beamforming of vector sensor array, proposing the receiving signal model of arbitrary array and studying the beamforming under different combination; at length, by computer simulations, it is shown that vector sensor array is better than traditional pressure sensor on beamwidth,sidelobe level and array gain.3 Wideband beamforming of vector sensor array is studied. For uniform linear array, we discuss particularly the wideband constant beamwidth beamforming based on DC weights; for arbitrary vector sensor array, we design a low-sidelobe wideband constant beamwidth beamforming by an optimizing method using semi-definite programming.4 Designed and realized the hardware of wideband constant beamwidth beamforming. Focused on the DSP processor, we propose the design scheme of the whole system. In realization details, we apply blocking design. Moreover, we describe the function of every block, the device in block and realization in particular.