Study On Theory And Application Of River Comprehensive Management In The Course Of Urbanization

During the process of urbanization, rivers have suffered different disturbance and damage, water environment has obviously impacted by human activities which lead large amount rivers disappear all over the world. Many water environment problems have produced such as serious water pollution, river structure damaged, hydrology changing and aquatic living condition damaged, so more attention has been paid to comprehensive river management and sustainable river management. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to seek more effective comprehensive city river management by using the method of theory and practice from the point of view in the fields of water resource, ecology and environmental science.Base on the review of the impact of urbanization process on river environment and the fully analysis of the history and the developmental direction of river management, the aim of river management has changed from complete rivers' development and utility to more extensive management aim concluding river environment management. By using the river basin management method, new technology on river regulation and attracting the public interests to join river protection, the protection of river ecology and river environment can be realized.Based on the summarizing of the theoretical and practical experience on river management, river comprehensive management system in plain river network has been advanced: (1) to establish socialized water management mechanism. (2) To keep the balance of river protection and city economic development. (3) Comprehensive utilization of the engineering and ecological method. (4) To design water-green ecological system. To improve the management efficiency, the paper also put forward to firmly protect the existing rivers and lakes, contact the beheaded rivers to the network, dredge up and widen these rivers, improve water conservation concept of the public and establish unique waterscape.Changning of Shanghai is taken as an example to study in the paper. The data in this paper are based on three ways, including collecting historical literature, selecting the data from related government offices, and field monitoring, etc, both qualitative and quantitative methods are used. The results show that the main river management problems in Changning are as follows: (1) water diversion and water drainage are not well. (2) Water pollutant loading is high. (3)The construct of river network is not clear. Some measurements should be taken to improve river environment quality in Changning such as river regulation project which concludes river network building, river dredging up, ecological embankment construction, and pollution resource interception etc, integrated flow augmentation based on water conservation zone; long-term river management which concludes river bioremediation and water area cleaning.