Study On The Design Theoretics And Practice Of Ecological Highway In Chongqing

Twentieth century America's greatest landscape shaper, the automobile, has created highway environments that are cohesive places with evolving identities that can be understood through their material and non-material culture. Highway environments are recognized that in addition to being corridors for transportation, there are often natural values associated with these corridors that provide real opportunities for management which complements the native flora and fauna.Historically, roadway corridors have largely been based on transportation need in order to support movement of goods and people in a developing country. This perspective resulted in a wonderful system of highways to get people and goods to all areas of the country. The transportation system has also contributed to the economic growth and health of nation. In the early years, there are was little need to consider natural resource areas in the establishment of corridors because we had large pieces of the country with these natural resources. Unfortunately, the loss, degradation and fragmentation of habitats have occurred as a result of the construction and use of highways. The rate of growth of traffic and development has resulted in problems in many areas of the country and for that matter the world. With the attention to relationship between environment and develop of economy came the realization that the environment needs to be considered in the development of transportation facilities.Increased awareness of environmental problems caused by infrastructure has moved civil engineers, ecologists and policy-makers to develop planning concepts to deal with the impacts on nature and landscape. The first, and most fundamental approach is to avoid adverse impacts. Avoidance can be achieved by simply not pursuing a certain development, by generating an alternative for the development or by limiting the intensity or magnitude of the development. If avoidance is not feasible, mitigation measures can be undertaken as a second planning concept. Such measures are designed to reduce or sometimes even eliminate the impacts of a given development on nature. Today , it is common practice worldwide to back up highway projects with mitigation measures, such as ecological management of roadside verges, fauna tunnels, adapted culverts and ecoducts for wildlife movements.The landscape design is important technique of road ecological compensate,and the main tache to construct ecological highway, The landscape restoration is mostly...