The TUD integrated model was used to optimize BNR processes (a modified A2/O process and an A/O process) in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Beijing.Three parameters in the default TUD model were calibrated with iNSF=0.06gN/gCOD, iNXS=0.06gN/gCOD and KNH4=1.5g N/m3.The influent COD was characterized with SA=6.52%, SF=36.71%, SI=12.58%, XS=32.17% and XI=12.02%.The modeling experiments indicated that the weak P-removal capacity of the modified A2/O process was due to less VFA and short anaerobic HRT. For optimization purpose, a series of modeling experiments was conducted. Modeling demonstrated that the P-removal efficiency might be improved by either bigger anaerobic reactor volume or external carbon resource or canceling primary settler. Also, the process modification such as either a UCT process or phosphate recovery integrated was demonstrated as some feasible measures for rnodification.Modeling testified that the A/O process needed to operate under some optimal arameters: SRT=1015d, R=4070%, r=100200% and DO=0.8g/m3.
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