The Production Of Biodiesel From Soybean Oils And Its Effect On Diesel Engine Emissions

Biodiesel is a fuel consisting of the alkyl monoesters of fatty acids from vegetable oils or animal fats. Biodiesel is receiving increasing attention as an alternative, non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable diesel fuel. Many studies in foreign countries have shown that the properties of biodiesel are very close to diesel fuel. Therefore, biodiesel can be used in diesel engines with little or no modification.Biodiesel is produced from food-graduate vegetable oils. One of the objectives of the study was to develop a process that utilizes rendered soybean oil as a biodiesel feedstock to produce biodiesel. The process of converting soybean oil into biodiesel fuel is transesterifiction. The process of transesterification was analyzed on the basis of organic chemistry, and different methods of biodiesel producing are tested in order to gain an effective method.After preparing sufficient biodiesel, the impact of the biodiesel on diesel engine exhaust emissions was evaluated and compared to diesel fuel. At the operating condition, the CO and HC emissions of pure biodiesel are 29.08% and 24.98% lower than diesel fuel respectively. The Bosch Smoke Number for pure biodiesel from soybean oil was 43.16% less than pure diesel fuel. On the other hand, the experiment results show that the effects of blends of biodiesel with diesel are in proportion to the blending ratio.