Methods For Analyzing The Internal Flows Of The Hydraulic Turbine

In China, the hydropower resources are very rich. In our country, no matter the water reserves or the possible development of hydropower resources, both of them rank first in the world. Hydroelectric power is important component of the hydropower in our country, which production process has advantages of open parking convenient, high reliability operation, low-cost, and small environmental pollution. As a kind of renewable natural resource, hydropower has been included in priority development object.At present, it has built a large number of hydropower stations in our country, and a large quantity of hydropower stations are being designed or under construction. In hydropower station, the research on how to ensure the hydro-generating unit operate safely and stably, has the significant impact on improving the properties of hydraulic turbine, using water resources effectively and yielding hydropower benefits. Based on the exist research, the paper has proposed the inversion algorithm of the hydraulic turbine geometric parameters and computational methods of hydraulic loss in the hydraulic turbine. And the main contents are as follows:(1)In the paper, based on the adjusting equation definition of geometric parameters, it derives a characteristic equation of hydraulic turbine which is with linear characteristics. And making use of the hydraulic losses and the effective head of turbine, it constitutes the energy equation, and derives another characteristic equation of the hydraulic turbine.(2) According to the hydraulic turbine's working principle, taking advantage of the model hydraulic turbine general characteristic curve and making use of the structure parameters and the linear function data fitting method, we can get the data of geometric parameters of the model turbine. On this basis, the average flow velocity ih the model runner exit could be counted. At the same time, it has done an extension to the hydraulic turbine characteristic curve.(3) In the paper, according to hydrodynamics, it has calculated the energy loss when the liquid is flowing through the components of low specific speed turbine on different conditions. In volute, it mainly produces the loss for friction resistance. In distributor, it mainly produces resistance losses. In runner exit, there is mainly collision loss. In draft tube, the kinetic energy of liquid at the runner exit has not been fully absorbed and losses, especially the annular liquid. In addition, there are also volume loss and disc friction losses. Based on the above analysis, Draw the damage characteristic curve of turbine. This calculation makes the affection of components for turbine performance clearly.