Research On Tire Pressure Monitoring System

In order to prevent puncture accidents and improve the safety of car driving effectively,this paper analyzes the occurrence mechanism of tire puncture and designs an initiative and direct Tire Pressure Monitoring System(TPMS) based on the effect of the tire pressure and temperature parameters on tire performance requirements. At present, main problems existed in the system are as follows: First, because of the tire internal complexity of work environment, the size and mass effects of the transmitter embedded inside the tire on the tire balance need to be considered; likely, the inconveniences of battery replacement require a system with a lower power consumption; Second, the system by using radio frequency technology communication requires a reliable data transmission; Finally, the system design requires a miniaturization for RF antenna, a powerful radiation, an excellent sensitivity and a rational design of matching networks.To address the problems mentioned above, the paper focuses mainly on the wireless signal transmission and the RF antenna design issues, including the overall design of the system, the hardware/software design and the antenna design. Consequently, the resulted method is applied in the tire pressure monitoring system successfully. Major results of the research include the followings:(1) The optimization of RF antenna and matching networks is designed. The genetic algorithms and the finite element method are used to optimize the design of the broadband loaded small normal mode helical antenna. The two optimization methods could strengthen each other thus forms a global search algorithm with excellent performance. After optimization, the number of lumped elements is reduced, and the difficulties of the antenna development, adjustment and test lowered.(2) The overall design and a physical model of the system are achieved. The core of the system is composed with sensor modules of MPXY8300 series, microcontroller and radio frequency transmitter chip. In accordance with the completion of functionality, the system is divided into automobile tires module inside the tire and the host module placed in the driver's cab. Based on the hardware circuit, the system software carries out the data measurement, analog / digital conversion, wireless transmission control, temperature compensation of the warning threshold, the system status monitoring and other functions.Finally, according to the characteristics of the actual working process of the tire pressure monitoring system, the loading experiment is performed. The results show that the proposed method can effectively prevent tire flatting, improve the safety of high-speed car with a promising practical value.