Research On Biomass Flash Pyorlysis Producing Bio-oil

Currently, energy sources, environment and sustainable development are world matters. The long term usage of fossil fuel, such as Oil, coal and natural gas, causes environment pollutant and greenhouse effect, which makes climate change of the whole world and the resource exhaust. Therefore, developing the substitute of fossil fuel causes wide public concern and biomass energy is the most conspicuous substitute, because of its reproducibility and cleanability. Thus, the development and use of biomass energy become the focus question. Conversion technology of biomass energy is various, mainly divides into bioconversion, chemical treatment and thermo-chemical conversion. Thermo-chemical conversion is the most important method. Biomass pyrolysis is considered as one of the most potential biomass-energy technologies. Restricting bio oil through pyrolysis was studied systematically in this paper.The meaning of using biomass and the methods of conversion were summed up and the research actuality of the technology of biomass pyrolysis at home and abroad was expounded detailedly. The conversion mechanism and technical approach were summarized and the exist problems and the development trend were analyzed.Using pine, poplar and peanut hull as material, applying down-flow fluidized bed reactor designed and made all by ourselves to carry out pyrolysis experiments. Firstly, IR and TG analysis for three components of biomass including cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose was made, the curves of IR and TG was obtained, the performance of pyrogenation was analyzed. Then, biomass sample was analyzed by industrial analysis, composition analysis, the contents of moisture, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and the contents of cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses were obtained. The obtaining of TG curves result provides reference for parameters setting of experiments. Based on the experiment of biomass pyrolysis to produce bio oil, the influencing rule on the bio-oil yield was obtained, including the following factors, such as reaction temperature, material granularity, and carrier velocity. Detailed analysis was made and optimal conditions was found, which provided reliable data to carry out small industrial experiment.At the same time, dwon-flow fluidized bed of biomass was established to carry out small industrial experiment, and the exist questions and shortage were summed up in the experiment, which provided reference for further improvement. In the experiment, we found the separation efficiency of inertia separator is low, and U type return feeder was easy to coke. Address these issues, this paper has improved the inertial separator and replaced the original U-type return feeder to J-type return feeder. The cold model experiment has been carried out to improve the separation efficiency, and the problem of return feeder coking has been solved.All of the works, laid the foundation for large-scale industrialization in future.