| Because of the characteristics with different electric charge, different polarity and the zwitterionic property in neutral solution, the different amino acid groups as substituents are introduced into porphyrin rings, so that the property of electron donating and accepting of porphyrin compounds are changed, consequently the structure and property of them are closer to crude porphyrins. Based on these, the amino-acid porphyrin have recognized special protein molecule selectively. The study on the structure and forming process of amino-acid porphyrin aggregates, and the above mentioned molecule recognition, which is helpful to understand the mechanism of the recognition process between aminoacyl RNA synthase and special amino acid. These are important to the study on different function model about molecule recognition. This topic is a challengeable work in biomimetic chemistry area. In this paper, the aggregation behavior of synthesized amino-acid porphyrins with bioactivity in various systems and the molecule recognition between porphyrin and biomolecules were studied systematically. The main contents of this paper were provided as follows:In the first part, the research significance and the synthetic research status of amino acid, and the research status on aggregation behavior of pophyrin were were described briefly. Especially, the research status on recognition between amino-acid porphyrin and biomolecule were reviewed mainly. The research contents and the characteristics of this paper were also included.In the second part, the reaction mechanism of Alder-Longo method for the design the synthesis of different kinds of amino-acid porphyrin's intermediates was introduced. Furthermore, the different amino acid ligands were introduced the different position of porphyrin intermediates. These amnio-acid porphyrins included tetra- [(4-Bocthreonine)-aminophenyl] porphyrin (TAPP-Thr-Boc), 5-[4-(threonineamino)phenyl] -10,15,20-tri-(4-chloro-phenyl) asymmetrical porphyrin(p-Thr-TriClPP), amino-acid tailed porphyrin-5-[p-(L-tryptophanbroethoxyl)phenyl]-10,15,20-triphenyl porphyrin [p-TrpO-C2 -(TPP)]. The structures of these amino-acid porphyrins synthesized were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The effects of different substituent groups and different substitution positions on spectrum behavior of porphyrins were studied. These amino-acid porphyrins have high fluorescence quantum yield.Based on the absorption spectrum were changed as the transformation between monomer and aggregate, in the third part, self-aggregation number and self-aggregation constant of p-Thr-TriClPP and its intermediate complex are calculated in different polarity solvents. According to the results, the self- aggregation ability of p-Thr-TriClPP and its intermediate complex were compared. The results indicated that the self-aggregation ability of p-Thr-TriClPP which be induced byπ-πinteraction force and hydrogen bond was stronger than its intermediate complex--p-H2TriClNH2PP which be induced byπ-πinteraction force. Based on these, the impact on self-aggregation of p-Thr-TriClPP and its intermediate complex by introducing modified group-threonine were explained.The aggregation behavior of p-Thr-TriClPP in water solutions with anionic surfactant AOT and cationic surfactant CTMAB were studied in the fourth part, respectively. The transfer process of this porphyrin in these surfactants was studied by fluorescence anisotropy and surface tension methods. The p-Thr-TriClPP monomers can convert into H-aggregates while the concentration of AOT and CTMAB are higher than their CMC, but the aggregates can convert into monomers with the increase of the concentration of AOT or CTMAB. The ionic strength influences the formation of aggregate in AOT solution, but no influence on that in CTMAB solution. In AOT or CTMAB solution which concentration was higher than CMC, H-aggregates can convert into monomers as the concentration of porphyrin increasing. In strong acid medium, H-aggregates converted into monomers and further converted into J-aggregates because of protonated effect in AOT solution. But in alkali medium, H-aggregates only converted into monomers because of de protonated effect in CTMAB solution.In the fifth part, p-Thr-TriClPP and its intermediate complex above mentioned in specific recognition to Gua were studied. The static quenching constants between Gua and p-H2TriClNH2PP or p-Thr-TriClPP were measured at different temperature under the optimum condition after investigating the pH and ionic strength. By the theory of F?rster non-radiation energy transfer, the interaction was similar to the non-radiation energy transfer. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the main sorts of binding force between p-H2TriClNH2PP and Gua could be judged as electrostatic force, but the binding force between amino-acid derived porphyrin and Gua was van der Waals and hydrogen bonding forces. All these results clarified that p-H2TriClNH2PP or p-Thr-TriClPP could bind to Gua and the introduction of theronine (Thr) group influenced the specific recognition between p-H2TriClNH2PP and Gua.In the sixth part, the cationic porphyrin--TAPP-Thr-Boc as fluorescence spectral probe for the determination of BSA which contained L-Trp residues were studied in AOT micellar solution. A high sensitivity and well stability system is established, and be used to the determination of protein in milk powder yielding with satisfactory results. In addition, the interaction mechanism between TAPP-Thr-Boc and BSA is studied by multi-techniques, and the results showed that the binding force of this system was electrostatic force mainly. Furthermore, the specific recognition between TAPP-Thr-Boc and L-Trp residues in BSA was investigated by fluorescence quenching spectrum. The quenching mechanism and energy transfer process between TAPP-Thr-Boc and L-Trp residues at different temperature were studied mainly. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the main sorts of interaction force could be judged as electrostatic force, which is in good agreement with the result between TAPP-Thr-Boc and BSA.
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