Preparation And Properties Of Carbohydrate Modified Polysiloxanes

In this thesis, two kinds of novel carbohydrate-modified polysiloxane surfactants glucosamide-based polysiloxane (GBPS) and lactobionamide-based polysiloxane (LBPS) were synthesized via a two-step method, and their physicol-chemical properties in aqueous solution were investigated.Aminopropyl polysiloxane (APSO) was prepared with the equilibrium polymerization. The reaction conditions, such as temperature, time and the dose of catalyst were discussed. The results show that the optimized reaction conditions were 90℃and 7h, while the molar ratio of catalyst was 15% of total reactants. Using the optimized conditions, APSO with different amine values were synthesized by adjusting of the molar ratio of reactants. Molecular structures of as-prepared APSO were analyzed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR).Glucosamide-based polysiloxanes (GBPS) were obtained by the chemical incorporation of gluconolactone with APSO copolymer. The molecular structures of the surfactants were confired by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The water-solubility, cloud point, surface activity, aggregation behavior and spreading property of GBPS surfactants were investigated by solubility experiment, cloud point measurement, surface tension measurements, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and contact angle measurements. The results show that the GBPS were water soluble except the GBPS-1 which was synthesized with low amine value (1.89 mmol/g) APSO; without any cloud point appeared for the GBPS-2, GBPS-3 and GBPS-4 under 90℃; compared with conventional hydrocarbon surfactants, the three surfactants give high surface activity, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) are 8.1, 11.4 and 148.8 mg/L, respectively, and theγcmc are 22.9, 23.6 and 25.1 mN/m, respectively; the three surfactants can self-assemble into spherical micelles with the average diameters in the range from 200 to 600 nm; 0.1 wt% aqueous solution of the three surfactants could spread on parafilm surface, the contact angles at 30 s are 51o, 43.5o and 66.5o, respectively.Lactobionamide-based polysiloxanes (LBPS) were synthesized using lactobionic acid and APSO copolymer as reactants. The molecular structures of LBPS were characterized. The water-solubility, cloud point, surface activity, aggregation behavior and spreading property of LBPS surfactants were investigated. The results show that the LBPS surfactants are water soluble except the LBPS-1 which was synthesized with low amine value (1.89 mmol/g) APSO; without any cloud point appeared for the LBPS-2, LBPS-3 and LBPS-4 under 90℃; the three surfactants give high surface activity, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) are 8.1, 15.8 and 1381.7 mg/L, respectively, and theγcmc are 27.1, 26.8 and 26.9 mN/m, respectively; the three surfactants can self-assemble into spherical micelles with average diameters in the range from 30 to 250 nm; 0.1 wt% aqueous solution of the three surfactants can spread on parafilm surface, but the spread abilities are worse than GBPS surfactants, the contact angles at 30 s are 63.3o, 64.6o and 81.8o, respectively.