Synthesis Of One-dimensional Metal Oxide Nano-materials And Research Of Growth Mechanism

Nanotechnology has been a rising subject since the end of last century. Nano materials are the main field for the study of nanotechnology. In recent years, one dimensional nano materials have received considerable attention and been the focus of nanotechnology due to not only their novel physical properties and chemical properties, but also their wide potential applications.ZnO is aâ…¡-â…¥wide forbidden band direct-gap semiconductor material. One dimensional ZnO nanorods are materials of good piezoelectric properties and good actionoelectric properties, which can perceive the variety of the force on two sides, and turn it to electrical signals. So, ZnO nanorods are fit for induct materials of nanoscale pressure sensor. ZnO can also be used as photoconductive materials, such as light emitting diode, photoconductive resistance and photodetector. Because of their unique one dimensional morphology, ZnO nanorods have better character than bulk ZnO.PVA, citric acid, acetylsalicylic acid and polyethylene glycol is used as auxiliary material to synthesize ZnO nanorods respectively when PH is 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. The experiment results show that ZnO nanorods with lengths from 3 to 5μm and diameters from 50 to 100 nm are synthesized when PVA is chosen as the auxiliary material and PH is 9, and the nanorods are the finest of the 25 products. By means of research the growth mechanism of ZnO nanorods, we consider that PVA have the space limiting effect, which helps the growth of ZnO nanorods. When PH is 9, the ion Zn²⁺ will turn to complexing ion Zn(NH₃)₄²⁺, which is fitter for the growth of ZnO nanorods than Zn²⁺.Element manganese has several valence states. Manganese oxides are cheap and pollution-free, so they are hopeful electrode materials of high performance batteries, and they have the potential wide using foreground. MnO₂ has high performance catalytic character, which can be used to reduce nitrogen oxides discharged by cars and factories, oxidize carbon monoxide and organic matters. So MnO₂ can be widely used in the field of environmental protection. One dimensional MnO₂ nanorods have better character than bulk MnO₂, so they can be widely used in the field, such as energy storage, environmental protection and so on.KBO₂ is used as auxiliary material to synthesize MnO₂ nanorods by heating the precursor formed by mixing solutions of KBO₂, KCl, NaCl and Mn(CH3COO)2, and the nanorods are about 5 to 10μm long with diameters about 50 to 100 nm. By means of research the growth mechanism of MnO₂ nanorods, we consider that B2O3 inorganic macromolecule web is produced when KBO₂ is heated in high temperature. This web has the same space limiting effect of PVA macromolecule web, which helps the growth of MnO₂ nanorods. NaCl-KCl complex molten salt play a good part as dispersant, heat-conductive material and mass transfer material, all of these can help the growth of MnO₂ nanorods.