| Based on the TSP data during 2009 at Nianlun Lab of Tianshan District, Weixing Site of Xin District, Leida Site of Toutunhe District and Baiyang Site, the Average mass concentration variation of TSP , the Morphologies and EDX spectra of TSP, four anions of TSP and five cations of TSP had been analyzed. The major conclusions of this study were as follows:(1) The changeable trends of average mass concentration of TSP showed that the average annual concentration (0.4838mg/m3) at Weixing Site was higher than Nianlun Lab (0.4536mg/m3) and Leida Site (0.2276mg/m3) in 2009. They were much more than the second standard (0.2000 mg/m3). The average seasonal concentration showed that the month concentration of winter was the max value , the month concentration of summer was the min value in the city. But in Baiyang Site the month concentration of summer was the max value , the month concentration of autumn was the min value. The month average concentration of TSP had higher level in winter-half year. The average daily concentration of TSP greatly based meteorologic conditions and pollution emission had close contact.(2) Morphologies and EDX spectra of TSP had significant seasonal characteristics and spatial characteristics. In Spring the particles were large and the shape was irregular, they may came from dust storms. In Summer the particles were less and smaller, may contained soil dust and plant pollen. In Autumn the particles were fieeciness chains of smoke. In Winter the particles were bigger, round and typical coal fly ash form. Urban TSP particulate quantity was more than Baiyang Site. Urban TSP morphology was affected by Coal in winter and autumn. TSP of Urumqi contained Si,S,Ca,Al,Fe,Mg,Cl,Na. The elements of TSP had significant content in Urumqi. Si,Ca,Al,Na,Mg were higher in spring and summer, Si,S,Ca,Al,Fe,Cl were higher in autumn and winter. The element types of TSP were less in Baiyang Site, S,Fe which were representative emissions of characteristic were less.(3) By analyzed TSP samples in the four sites, four anions were detected. The anion (F-,Cl-,SO42-,NO3-) and the cations (Na+,NH4+,K+,Mg2+,Ca2+) were analyzed by Dionex ICS-3000. The result showed that the maximum anion concentration value of the four sites was SO42- (116.97μg/m3,92.34μg/m3,62.87μg/m3,23.92μg/m3). The min value was F- in four sites. The result showed that the maximum anion concentration value of the four sites was Ca2+ (15.11μg/m3,21.18μg/m3,10.68μg/m3,8.17μg/m3). The min value was K+ in four sites. The ion concentration had significant seasonal variation characteristics. They increased in winter significantly. SO42-,NO3- gained the most. Total ion concentration in urban was 172.57μg/m3 and 40.83μg/m3 in Baiyang Site. The value of [NO3-]/[SO42-] showed that the fix contaminated point gave rise to the water-solubility ions at the two satations. Various ions have good correlation.(4) Different weather conditions had obvious influence on NH4+ Ca2+, NO3- and SO42– concentration of TSP. Precipitation could clear the ions of TSP, Ca2+ was higher on dust-sandstorm weather and winds. Meteorological factors influenced the ion concentration in heating period, in non-heating period it caused by natural factors of soil dust and building dust shadow. |
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