Study On The Mechanism Of Surfactant/Residue/Brine Emulsive System

In this paper, the effects of single agent, compound agents, concentration and HLB on the dispersion of water-soluble salts in residual oil are studied on the case of a fixed emulsifying condition. Via optical microscope and Winner99 particle size analyzer, the dispersion property of emulsion systems is determined. Via sauter UM and particle size distribution function (span), dispertion parameter (Dp) is established for characterizing the differences of dispersion property of emulsion systems formed by surfactants, residule oil and water-soluble salts. It is found that there are different effects on the system dispersion characteristics caused by various surfactants, dispersions of different salts in the same residual oil are different. So the factors that affect the system dispersion are complex. The reaction results of water-soluble catalysts dispered in the residule oil are studied in high-pressure autoclave. The results of hydrocracking are correlate with the kind and the dispersion condition of catalyst, for the same kind of catalyst dispersed in the same residual oil, good dispersion brings good hydrocracking reaction result.The structural parameters of resin in Karamay, Daqing and Liaohe residual oil are determined using density method. The structural parameters of asphaltence in three kinds of residual oil are characterized via NMR and modified Brown-Ladner (B-L), and the other parameters in these residual oils are also characterized by B-L method. It is found that it has positive correlation between the dispersion of water and the average chain length of resin and asphaltence.The mechanism between the surfactant and active component in residue is revealed via FT-IR. There are physical adsorption and chemical adsorption between suefactants and active components in residual oil, which play a role in the infrared range, the main wave number is greater than 3000cm-1 and the position of aromatic compounds. The addition of surfactant can change the residual infrared spectra of the peak shape, peak position and peak intensity, the main force are the hydrogen bond, electrostatic and ionic interactions with the dipole, etc.By means of using dynamic light scatttering instrument at room temperature by measuring the average hydromechanical radius of the surfactant micelles, it is found that the water-soluble salts (Co,Mo,Ni) can lead to bigger micelles by reducing the CMC and increasing the micellar amount.