| Objective: In order to provide the reference of food safety use for the urban residents, we monitor the issues of the organophosphorus pesticide residues on the samples of vegetables and fruits, and analyze the organophosphorus pesticide residues distribution characteristics in the scope of the urban area and the food safety risk analysis, which are based on Wenzhou's sales of different types of vegetables and fruits in the major farmers'market.Methods: In May 2009 to September 2009, 12 types and 109 random samples of vegetables and fruits including spinach, cabbage, lettuce, water spinach, cauliflower, green pepper, bean vegetable, leek, Chinese cabbage, fruit and edible fungi were collected in 3 major large-scale farmers'market, which were from Xincheng Farmers'Market, Xialupu Farmers'Market, and Puzhou Farmers'Market in Wenzhou; for the GC-FPD determination of 27 organophosphoru pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables using buffered QuEChERS. To determine the exposure level of organophosphorus pesticides in the samples, analyzing the different time periods (months), organophosphorus pesticides'detection rate and over-limit rate in different types of vegetables and fruits, pesticides'frequency on different food samples; and computing the ERI (Expose Risk Index) on the detected pesticides and the individual annual risk of causing harm to human body.Results:1. 12 types of organophosphorus pesticides were detected in the 109 samples, which are as follows: chlorpyrifos, omethoate, profenofos, parathion, phorate, methamidophos, methidathion, malathion, dichlorvos, dimethoate, thiazophos and chlorine triazophos. The over-limit pesticides were omethoate, parathion, phorate, chlorpyrifos, methamidophos, methidathion, thiazophos and chlorine triazophos;2. From May 2009 to September 2009, the overall detected rate and overall over-limit rate of organophosphorus pesticides of samples are 5.00% ~ 26.09% and 0~21.74% respectively. From May 2009 to June 2009, the detection rate was relative high, 25.54% on average; from July 2009 to September 2009, the detection rate was low, 12.18% on average. From May 2009 to June 2009, over-limit rate was high, 20.24% on average; from July 2009 to September 2009, over-limit rate was low, 8.12%on average;3. Organophosphorus pesticides were not detected in lettuce and green pepper, and the detection rate and over-limit rate of celery was the highest, which were 57.14% and 42.86% respectively. Pesticides detected in celery and Chinese cabbage were the most, which were 6 and 4 types. The detection rate and over-limit rate of organophosphorus pesticides of leafy vegetables compared to other types of vegetables were higher; which were 21.43% and 17.40% respectively, and 8 in 11 pesticides were detected to be over-limit. The highly toxic organophosphate pesticides that have been abandoned such as methamidophos, parathion, etc. were detected;4. The ERI range of 12 detected organophosphorus pesticides was between 2.40×10-5 ~ 0.38, less than 1. The average individual annual risk that organophosphorus pesticides cause harm to human body is 1.02×10-8, mainly from triazophos, methidathion and phorate.Conclusion:1. The detection rate and over-limit rate of organophosphorus pesticides in our city From May to September were relative high, and the rates From May to June were higher than that From July to September;2. Pesticides were detected in all types of fruits and vegetables, and the detection rate and over-limit rate of organophosphorus pesticides of leafy vegetables were higher,and more types of pesticides were detected;overall the detection frequency of of chlorpyrifos, omethoate and profenofos was higher ;which even the pesticides that has been banned, such as methamidophos and parathion were detected; 3. The risk of exposure of organic phosphorus pesticide is considered as acceptable; individual annual risk that organic phosphorus pesticides harms the human body is 1.02×10-8. In other words, only 1.02 person of every 10 million people can be considered to be harmed or (led to death)by organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables. |
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