Study On The Plant Fiber Materials Chemical Compositions Quantitative Analysis

With the oil resource shortage and people's constant pursuit of high-quality live, natural cellulose fibers are utilization to the textile field because of its comfortable dressing, easy to get and environment-friendly properties. At the same time, the plant resources as an important source of natural cellulose fibers have been paid attention by the people.The plant resource is rich in our country, and there are many kinds used in the textile, such as Cotton, Hemp, Flax, Jute, Ramie, Chinese Alpine Rush, Mulberry Bark, Palm Leaves, Bamboo, Coconut Shell, Rice Straw and so on. At present, the plant fiber chemical composition quantitative analysis is used to follow the National Standard GB/T5889-86 "the Method of the Ramie Chemical Composition Quantitative Analysis". The different plant has different chemical content, so here makes several plans according to the Ramie Standard, and confirms the final relative exact method, the particular steps as follows:(â… ) Mill the raw material samples to the size about 1mm, and bind up them by the 200-mesh sieves which have extracted by the organic solvent and known the weight, test ing the samples Moisture content;(â…¡) Extract the samples by the Benzene-Ethanol, and distill and dry the residue. Weigh the residue to get the Lipid Classes content;(â…¢) Extract the samples by the boiling water, the extracting liquid had a test by the UV-visible spectrophotometer, and get the content of the Water-soluble Pectin A and the decomposed Hemicellulose B. The content of Water-solubles equals to the lost weight minus the content of A and B;(â…£) Extract the samples by the Ammonium Oxalate, and test the decomposed Hemicellulose C from the extracting liquid. The content of Pectin equals to the lost weight minus the content of C plus the content of A;(â…¤) Extract the samples by the NaOH liquor, the lost weight are Hemicellulose and a little of Lignin D. Chloridizing the residue, the lost is Lignin E, and the remains is Cellulose G. The content of Hemicellulose equals to the first lost weight minus the content of D plus the content of B and C;(â…¥) Mill another same samples to the size passing the 60-mesh sub-sample screen, drying and weighing them. Treat the samples by concentrated sulfuric acid, the remains is the Lignin F, the same time, the content of D equaling to the content of F minus the content of E;(â…¦) To the Cellulose, Gum content and Ash, the testing is conducted according to the Ramie Criterion.The experiments prove that this method to test the various plant fibers'chemical composition is relatively accurate, and has a general applicability. However, in actual operation, there is inevitably errors because of the complicated steps, thus affects the final result and the application of some chemical reagents are harm for the people's health to a certain extent, therefore, it needs to have a further optimization and improve the various steps to make the chemical composition quantitative analysis of plant fibers more secure, fast and accurate.