The Study On Pollution Characteristics Of Typical Antibiotics In Soil From Vegetable Fields Of Pearl River Delta Area

Antibiotics used extensively could enter into the environment finally, which has been one of emerging contaminants and became the new research subject. Animal manure containing antibiotics is applied to agricultural land as organic fertilizer. As a result, the soil, even the products grown on manure-amended soil could be contaminated. And these results could cause the same human health risk as drug residues (for animal food) and pesticide residues (for vegetable crops or plant food). Improved high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was developed in this paper, which was used to determined the four sorts of antibiotics(quinolones, tetracycline, sulfonamides and macrolides) in the soil from the vegetable fields in Pearl River Delta. This provided reference datas for antibiotics pollution in soil,which was important in the theoretical and practical significance on antibiotics pollution prevention in soil and ensuring the safety of products.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) An improved high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of four antibiotics in soil was developed. The recoveries of quinolones(QNs), tetracycline (TCs), sulfonamides(SAs) and macrolides (MALs) in three different concentrations,were 61-73%,90-112%,54-89%,85-108%.The limits of quantification were 0.58-1.03μg/kg,0.11-0.22μg/kg,0.01-0.04μg/kg,0.04-0.24μg/kg,0.11-0.22μg/kg respectively.(2) The above methods were applied to analysisQNs,TCs,SAs and MALs in the soil of vegetable fields in Guangzhou. The results showed that the detection rates were higher than 62%.The order of average content of antibiotics in the soil wasQNs>TCs>SAs>MALs,dominated with NOR,OTC,ERM,SMZ respectively.The concentration of four antibiotics in the soil from organic vegetable field were all higher than in the soil from non-social effects vegetable field(3)Four antibiotics can be detected in the 18.9-100%soil samples of vegetable fields in Dongguan. The order of average content of antibiotics in the soil wasQNs>TCs>SAs>MALs,dominated with CIP,OTC,ROX,SM2 respectively. The concentration and constitute character of antibiotics varied in different soil samples,even in the same vegetable fields.(4) MALs cannot be detected in all samples.of vegetable fields in Foshan.The order of average content of the other antibiotics in the soil was QNs>TCs>SAs,dominated with CIP,DC,SM2 respectively. There was obvious difference in spatial distribution of concentration and constitute of antibiotics in both horizontal and profile soil. All compounds decreased rapidly with soil depth.(5) Four antibiotics can be detected in the 25-100% soil samples of vegetable fields in Zhongshan. The order of average content of antibiotics in the soil was QNs>TCs>SAs>MALs,dominated with CIP,OTC, SMZ, ERX, respectively.the concentrations of antibiotics in soil samples from the different vegetable fields are in general comparative.(6) Compared to the datas from areas reported in points, the content of antibiotics in these areas were lower than the trigger values of leco-toxicity effect in soil(100μg/kg), provided by Committee in Veterinary International Co-ordinating Committee (VICH). The eco-toxicity risk on the structure and function of soil is low, but we can not ignore the toxic effect and resistance of various compounds.