Preparation, Characterization And Application To Supercapacitor Of Carbon Nitride Nanomaterials

Based on detailed investigation of a great deal of related literatures, the preparation and the potential application of the carbon nitride nanomaterials have been reviewed, and the recent development of nanomaterials with core-shell structure, long nanowires and carbon nitride for supercapacitors were explained especially.Following that, uniform nitrogen-enriched Ni-C nanoshperes with core-shell structure was prepared firstly by solvothermal method at relative low temperature, the successful introduction of nitrogen element resulted in the surface modification of the encapsulating metal nanospheres and this nitrogen-enriched core-shell material may play an important role in the biomedical application or others.Through simply changed reaction conditions, continuously long carbon nitride nanowires with great radio of length to diameter were synthesized successfully with same reaction system. The impact of reaction time and reactant on the products were both investigated. We also discussed the layered structure have the possibility to form different nanostructures with controlled shape under controlled reaction conditions.The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transition Electron Microscopy. And the supercapacitive performance was tested by Cyclic Votammetry and Cycle Life testing. The influence of the heating rate, reaction temperature, sorts and condensation of electrolytes on the specific capacitance was exploring analyzed. The impact of activated time and temperature on the capacity performance of the products were both investigated, and the specific capacitance increased greatly.Carbon nitride nanomaterials, which were prepared at relative low temperature using cyanuric chloride (C3N3Cl3) as the only reactant and cyclehexane as solvent without any catalyst had good supercapacitive behaviors. At a scan rate of 10 mV/s, the specific capacitance of the as-prepared product reached 148.3 F/g, and the potential window was broadened 1.2V(-0.6-0.6 V). After 6000 cycles, the loss of the capacitance of all the as-prepared materials was less than 5%, which showed that the samples possess good electrochemical stability. The sample was activated by KOH and the specific capacitance of the sample was enlarged remarkably with 70%. The high specific capacitance attributed to super fine grain diameter and uniform structure, meanwhile,they also play a important role in improving the capability of electrode materials for supercapacitor.