The Study On Producing Camellia Oil By Biological Method And Membrane Technology

Camellia Oil is one of the woody oil, milled from tea plant seed. It has similar physical and chemical characteristic with olive oil, applying to cooking oil, medical oil and cosmetic oil. The vendibility of Camellia Oil is very immense, but the quality and turnout of Camellia Oil made in china can't meet world demand.This research studied producing Camellia Oil from tea plant seed by biological method and membrane technology.The principle of producing Camellia Oil by biological enzyme method is that the enzyme can undermine the key link between fat and other cell components in the tea plant seed. Before milling Camellia Oil ,the tea plant seed need to be roasted, and the protein would be denaturalization. Except that ,the yield of oil mill is low. But product Camellia Oil by Solvent extraction, the desolventize is necessary. It would consume high energy. And the solvent residues in oil is unacceptable. The shortcomings of producing Camellia Oil by oil mill or by solvent extraction do not exist in biological method. This research studied the pretreatment methods before hydrolysis, the type of enzyme we should use and how to use them, at last ,the demulsification method.The reason that we choose membrane technology to replace degumming and alkali deacidfication used in traditional refining methods is depended on the characteristic of the biological method. Membrane technology is used to separate material that are not triglyceride from crude oil, such as phospholipids,Free Fatty Acids and so on. Membrane technology have no alkali deacidfication wastewater. And the physical and chemical characteristic of the crude Camellia Oil is the factor we should consider when we choose the material of membrane. Whether the membrane is appropriate is depended on its performance: the flux, the content of phosphatide and the acid value of Camellia Oil.Best conditions of biological enzyme technology: tea plant seed milled under 20eyes;Alkaline Protease; dosage of enzyme was 0.5%,pH was 10.0,temperature was 50℃,reaction time was 6h(the first) and 3h(the second).After demulsification, the extraction rate of crude Camellia Oil was 89.17%. The content of phosphatide was 23.79ppm ,the acid value was 1.03mgKOH/g.Best conditions of membrane technology: Ceramic Membrane(10,000Dal), operational pressure was 0.3MPa(input)/0.2MPa(output),operational temperature was 90～95℃.The Camellia Oil we got after refined: the content of phosphatide was 1.53ppm ,the acid value was 0.39mgKOH/g.From above, Camellia Oil can be produced by biological method and membrane technology. And the qualities of the Camellia Oil get by this way are better than the nation first grade milling Camellia Oil. The extraction rate of the crude Camellia Oil need to be raised.