The Study Of Pollution State Of Vehicle And Partake Rate Of Chongqing

With the global economical development and rapid progress of cities, exhaust emission of vehicle have been the main source that lead to the air pollution of lots of large cities all over the world. China, as a developing country, is without exception. Exhaust emission of vehicle not only cause the heavy pollution of air, but also bring the serious harm to health of human being at the same time. This article mainly takes exhaust emission contamination as analyse objection and illustrate in detail the current actual state and influence on civil air quality which the exhaust emission of vehicle have caused in Chongqing city. We can finally confirm and calculate the emission factors of contamination through the testing of the actual vehicle, and analyse the distribute probability of contamination, which provide us with scientific theory basis on which we can accurately analyse air pollution Chongqing transport lead to, and furthermore effectively control them. According to current state of exhaust emission in Chongqing, the content of this article are as follows:1. It provides us with the actual volume and operating state of vehicle through the factual investigation to vehicle in Chongqing. There are rapid improvement about volume of Chongqing whose rate can reach up to 18.9%. By the end of 2007, the vehicle capability of Chongqing city had been up to 1444.9 thousand, in which the total amount in the main urban area is 496 thousand. With the increasing the road load, speed of vehicle has been reduced gradually. The drivers have to frequently change the driving state that cover accelerate and brake as well as ideal speed, which serious aggravates the moving cycle. The average flux of vehicle on the road can reach up to5000 per hour at rush moment for example morning and afternoon on which speed of vehicle is only approximate 27km/h, and at these time it is 34.8km/h. Today the dominant level can not be established, the efficiency of transport is very low. By now there are no underway and shortage of special bus road, and light railway are being established, which can comprise of a rapid common intranet. Common transports route and position can not be reasonably distributed which is not convenient for passengers to change the bus so that it can not show the superiority of the transports.2. we may know that contents of PM10 on the seven major roads always exceed the standard every year through studying the kinds and density of contamination in the air, with a maximum multiple of 3.55. Then the pollution caused by SO2 and NO2 is very serious, and also the pollution by NOX. The density of NOX have seriously exceeded the state standard on the both edge of roads and in the dense transport area. Some primary pollution such as HC,CO and fine particles have double peak in the every rush morning and evening, and the serious pollution in the large cities mainly fasten on the area of dense population and traffic jam, which tell us that the atmosphere pollution are closely relative to exhaust emission. With the increase of the vehicle fleet, the density of pollutants would certainly rise. Therefore, the key factor that affect the enveriment quality is exhaust emission.3. According to the United States MOBILE module and the actual situation in Chongqing, we amend the input parameters and then figure out the integrated emission factors of vehicle in Chongqing. We compare the data with a related research in 2004 taking the rate of deterioration of FTP75, although the data in the module is the American aggravating data in 1985. But we have found the average calculated value is lower than the actual one by compare. So to calculate pollution emissions using the formula would underestimate the actual situation. Furthermore, analyzing the effect of different speed to the emission factor is more resonable from the point of view of reducing the pollution emission,fuel economy and traffic safety.4. to statistics the pollution emission list of Chongqing is a very important work that include emission list of the urban movable contamination and immovable contamination. We can get the value of the urban movable and immovable contamination through making out the list of them and calculating them. The individual proportions of the CO CO,HC,and PM10 are 50.4%,80.0%,54.3% and 6.9%. From the above value we can know the proportion of CO has been over 3/4, and that of NOx has also been heavy. As a result, atmosphere pollute type has been changing from smoke of coal into coal-exhaust, which is more serious than ever.5. as for the actual situation of the current vehicle exhaust emission in Chongqing, some feasible solution are given to reduce the air pollution. It is key to further improve the vehicle maintain system; and make use of economical method enforce the using management of the current vehicle. At the same time it will be effective solution to use clear fuel in the vehicle by the technical adjustment in the technology aspect; considering the actual policy, we should fasten the speed the scrap vehicle are fallen into disuse and confirm the feasibility of dispatch the relating vehicle to suburb area. Through the above analysis, we can confirm the pollution emission become more and more serious. If we don't take further effective measures for preventing and controlling the pollution, vehicle exhaust will be the biggest killer of urban air and human health, and harmful to the future development of economy in Chongqing.