Develop And Performance Research On The Agricultural Soil-film Of Non-woven Cloth With Straw Stalk And Waste Silk

The mulching plastic technology has obtained the rapid development in our country since we intoducted this technology from Japan from the late 1970s. At present in our country mulching plastic cover areas approximately above 14,000,000 hectares,the amount used has amounted to more than 100 ten thousand tons. It is estimated that to 2010, the national mulching plastic cover area will surpass 20,000,000 hectares. As a result of the use of majority mulching plastic for polyethylene or polyvinyl-chloride mulching plastic at present,they are not easy to degrade and hai the toxicity, the remains cannot degrade in the soil for fragment by the edaphon, and also cannot absorpted by the crops.In our country countryside, there are many straw stalk producted every year, the farmers usually deal these straw stalk with burning. But massive burning have brought the air pollution, influence environment seriously. This article mainly use the straw stalk to extraction textile fiber and use them to make nonwovens for agricultural film. Discussed the selection of raw material the ratio of the programme and the performance of field tests for the pollution-free,full-degradation film. The generalized analysis obtains the preferred plan is: The waste silk quantity is 4.02 g/m~2, square Mick is again 80 g/m~2, the bond density is 8%. The sample main performance is: The transverse failure intensity is 35N, the longitudinal breaking strength is 32N, thickness is 0.2641mm, the soak rate is 2346 g/m2h, the regain is 5.6%.Carries on the field the above mulching plastic to the cover experiment, and carries on the contrast with the ordinary plastic mulching plastic. The heat preservation experiment indicated that the natural fiber must weaves the mulching plastic to have the good heat preservation, slightly is lower than the plastic mulching plastic. Carries on the soil heat preservation performance the experiment to indicate that the natural supatex fabric mulching plastic has the good heat preservation, may reach to the surface layer soil's biggest warming 3.6℃, the warming effect year old depth of soil increases reduces, daytime's warming effect good in evening, ambient temperature high warming effect good in ambient temperature low warming effect. The supatex fabric mulching plastic's warming effect does not have the plastic mulching plastic to be good, but the difference is not big, does not affect the use in the agricultural production.Moisturizer experiment proof that after supatex fabric mulching plastic cover,the film can reduce the soil moisture transpiration rate, compared to open-air few, has the obvious moisturizer function. The moisturizer experiment proved that after supatex fabric mulching plastic cover, can reduce the moisture content the transpiration rate, in the soil foundation moisture content is in 26.7% situations, the cover supatex fabric mulching plastic soil's water content reduces 7.5%, 5.2% is slightly smaller than the plastic mulching plastic, has the obvious moisturizer function.The soil degeneration experiment proof that the straw stalk textile fiber agriculture mulching plastic can have the degeneration under the natural state, the earth buries 30 days later, the mulching plastic has the degeneration, the earth buries 40 days later, the degeneration rate is very obvious, may see the straw stalk textile fiber through the scanning electron microscope image from to tie the shape to decompose Cheng Duogen the single textile fiber, has majority textile fiber vanishing. The infrared spectrum absorption chart indicated that the textile fiber macro-molecule chain has the break, the macro-molecule has the depolymerization phenomenon occurrence. Before complete degrades, the mulching plastic can decompose disperses the textile fiber condition, will not cause the soil because of the sheet structure to harden.Because in the mulching plastic includes in the waste natural silk and the straw textile fiber includes the massive potassium element, therefore the mulching plastic part degradation product can enhance the soil the nitrogen and the potassium element content, the supatex fabric mulching plastic is buried by the earth 30 days later, the soil entire nitrogen content increases 1.1%, the entire potassium content increases 0.17%; The earth buries 40 days later the entire nitrogen quantity increases 1.3%, the entire potassium quantity increases0.22%.The experiment indicated that natural fiber's supatex fabric mulching plastic and the ordinary plastic mulching plastic compare, the former thickness is big, the ventilation moisture-penetrability is good, and has the good heat preservation, to guarantee the entropy function, but effect the latter slightly misses. But air pollution aspect which produces from the degradability and solution massive burning down, the ordinary plastic mulching plastic cannot degrade, but the supatex fabric mulching plastic may degrade completely. But the supatex fabric mulching plastic's production cost is high, affects its promotion.