Study On New Green Water-based Cutting Fluid And Its Mechanism

Metal cutting fluid is the indispensable auxiliary material in metal cutting process .It is also the key factor in guaranteeing the machining quality of products and improving .But it is easy to cause pollutions to human beings and the environment. Recently, the cutting fluid in the market is mainly composed of emulsified cutting fluid, which has short service life and causes large pollutions to the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop a new environment-friendly water-based cutting fluid. The investigation into new environment-friendly water-based cutting fluid is carried out based on synthetic cutting fluid for NC grinding machines.The results show that: (1) When the ratio of borate ester to admix carboxylate is 2:1, the composition which is composed of borate ester and admix carboxylate has best lubrication performance and anti rust property. As its concentration is increasing, its lubrication performance and antirust property increase. Based on the experiments, it is found that 15%-21% the composition has best lubrication and rust prevention effects.(2)The biodegradability of the composition is investigated by biodegradable test and the result shows the biodegradation rate of the composition has reached 13.82% in 8 days and it has good biodegradability.(3)Three kinds of polyethers are investigated through the analysis of cleaning rate, defoaming property, surface tension and cost ,the result indicates that polyetherA has the best cost performance.When its concentration is between 2% to 4%,its all properties are the best.(4)The cutting fluid, which is composed of borate ester, admix carboxylate and polyetherA, is optimized by the orthogonal test method, based on regressive analysis, variance analysis, surface plot, contour plot, the result shows that the optimum process parameters of borate ester, admix carboxylate,polyetherA are 12%, 6%,3%.Firstly, the physical and chemical properties of the cutting fluid is investigated by national standard the result shows that the cutting fluid has good antiwear performance , friction-reducing and antirust property, defoaming property , corrosion resistance and surface activity.Secondly,the friction and wear mechanism of cutting fluid is investigated by analysis of worn surface morphology and main chemical composition. Thirdly, inhibiting mechanism of the cutting fluid is investigated by electrochemistry test and the result shows that the cutting fluid is a mixed inhibitor and has good inhibition performance. Fourthly, the biodegradability of the cutting fluid is investigated by biodegradable test and the result shows that its biodegradation rate has reached 13.82% in 8 days and it has good biodegradability.Finnaly,the cutting properties of the cutting fluid is investigated by pilot scale test and the result shows the cutting fluid can improve the surface roughness and grinding efficiency,compared with the emulsified cutting fluid used in the plant.