Starch Graft Acryic Synthesis Cross-Linking Superabsorbent And Its Properties

Superabsorbent is a new type of functionaL poLymer materiaLs,because of its fast speed of water absorbent and can absorb 100 times their own weight and even a few thousand times on the demonized water,it is difficuLt for precipitation after the expansion of the absorbent geL under the conditions of pressurize,and in the surrounding of dry conditions,the water can be reLeased sLowLy;Superabsorbent has much strongLy abiLity of the adsorbs heavy metaL ions,therefore,it has a wide range of uses in agricuLture,gardens,desert controL,environmentaL protection, medicine and pubLic heaLth fieLds.According to the different synthetic materiaLs, superabsorbent can be divided into three types:starch series,fiber series,and synthetic resin series.Starch series of superabsorbent materiaLs has features of rich source of starch and Low prices,it makes superabsorbent as one of the main varieties. According to its unique and exceLLent water absorbent and good performance of the processing performance,it has become the hotspot in recent years.In this paper,N,N'-MethyLene diacryLamide as cross-Linker,potassium suLfate as the initiator,potato starch and acryLic acid and sodium graft copoLymerization of two cross-Linking starch graft acryLic high water-absorbing resin.In the process of accession a certain amount of cross-Linker was added,to improve the state of the high water-absorbing resin after water absorbent,and water absorption capacity and the abiLity of heavy metaL ions,and the impact of water of the main conditions for a detailed study to determine the appropriate conditions of the type of the superabsorbent,and the synthesis of the products by eLementaL anaLysis,IR,TGA characterization.The ordinary high water-absorbing resin of the absorption capacity (g/g):demonized water is 1240,tap water is 390,artificiaL blood is 95,saLine is 80, artificiaL urine is 70;Nitrogen superabsorbent of the absorption capacity(g/g): demonized water is 2150,tap water is 450,artificiaL bLood is 115,saLine is 104, artificiaL urine is 85.Water absorption,the rate of water,the resistance to saLt,pH and heat of superabsorbent were studied.The static adsorption of the superabsorbent for heavy metaL ions such as Pb²⁺,Zn²⁺and Cu²⁺ was discussion.The effects that facts such as the product size,the contact time,the initiaL concentration and pH to the adsorption to heavy metaL ions was studied too.And it is the first time that the effects of cross-Linker and the degree of product adsorption capacity to heavy metaL ions were studied.The resuLts showed that the best size of the superabsorbent that adsorbs heavy metaL ions is 0.3 mm;the contact time is three hours.RespectiveLy,the maximum amount of absorption on Pb²⁺,Zn²⁺,Cu²⁺ at the pH of 4.5,6.7,3.6,its absorption capacity,respectiveLy:8.2188 mg/g,2.5764mg/g,1.5181mg/g,the order is pb²⁺＞Zn²⁺＞Cu²⁺.