The Study Of Chemical Composition, Extraction Process And Antioxidant Activity Of Several Bamboo Leaves And Blumea Riparia(BL.) DC

Bamboo,which belongs to Gramineae Bambusoideae,is a kind of evergreen plants. China has a long history of using bamboo leaves in food and medicine.It is a famous Chinese medicine for clear away heat and toxic materials.Bamboo leaves have many physiological active ingredients,including flavonoids,phenolics,anthraquinones,innar fats, polysaccharides,amino acids,trace elements,et al.Research showed that bamboo leaves extraction could anti-free radical,anti-oxidation,hypolipidemic,and the prevention of cardiovascular,anti-cancer et al.Volatile components were extracted by steam distillation from three bamboo leaves. 2-penten-1-ol,hexanal,2-hexenal,phytol,benzene acetaldehyde,di-n-octyl phthalate, tetratriacontane,nonanal,et al,had been detected by GC-MS,the highest content of all the detected compounds was Phytol.Orthogonal design and two steps of release and hot-extraction were used to exstract the bamboo leaves.The best technology of the extract were solid-liquid ratio:1:15,80%ethanol,15 min by used of hot water,extracted 3 times.Its result was slightly better than the microwave and the ultrasonic extraction in the literature. The experiment of Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Liver Homogenate showed that IC50 were Lingnania chungii McClure 0.000064g/mL,Bambusa textiles McClure 0.000157g/mL, Bambusa tuldoides Munro 0.000116g/mL,Phyllostachys aurea carrex Riv 0.000123g/mL. The result showed that the extractions of bamboo leaves were very good antioxidant activity.Blumea riparia(BL.)DC,is a traditional medical herbs of Zhuang in Guangxi,it can promoting blood circulation,stanch.We used it to dell with early menstruation,postpartum bleeding,postpartum edema,infertility,et al.Response surface method was used to optimizate the extraction of flavonoids in Blumea riparia(BL.)DC.And ultrasonic,microwave extractions were used as methods to extract. The result showed that the best extract condition of ultrasonic extraction was:ethanol volume fraction:38%,solid-liquid ratio:1:23,the extraction time was 20 min,extraction Temperature: 74℃,extracted three times.The best extract condition of Microwave extraction was:ethanol extraction volume fraction:42%,solid-liquid ratio:1:20,the extraction time was7min, extraction temperature:60℃,extracted three times.The extract of the best extraction condition in lipid peroxidation showed that IC50 were ultrasonic 0.000032g/mL,microwave extraction 0.000034g/mL.By used of blood erythrocyte antioxidant methods,the red blood cell hemolysised and damaged.Blumea riparia(BL.)DC polysaccharide was exctracted by ultrasonic and microwave extraction.And the response surface method design was used to optimizated the extraction, the optimum condition of microwave extraction was time:8.37 min,temperature:65.8℃, solid liquid ratio 1:32.Optimum condition of ultrasonic extraction:23 min,56℃temperature, solid-liquid ratio 1:20.Blumea riparia(BL.)DC polysaccharide were isolated and purified by used of ceramic membrane separation,organic membrane separation to separate,TCA to except protein, DEAE cellulose column chromatography,gel sephadexG -100 to Purify.High performance gel chromatography(GPC)analysis showed that its molecular weight was:1.13×106.After hydrolysis,HPLC analysis showed that its monosaccharide divided into:Rhamnose, arabinose,fructose,mannose,glucose,galacturonic acid.The polysaccharide's structure was analyzed by complete methylation,hydrolysis,reduction,and be single-acetyl derivative of sugar,GC-MS analysis,UV,IR,NMR.The antiperoxide of the polysaccharide was detected by lipid peroxidation and antioxidant flow injection experiment.Flow injection method showed a relatively good antioxidant activity.