The Research On Public Participation In Building Environment-friendly Society

The industrial civilization has created a lot of material wealth for mankind, at the same time it has brought unprecedented pressure to environment. It is an urgent assignment to protect environment. The character of the problem of environment is sociality, extensiveness and complexity. It has decided that the public participation made an important role in the field of environment protection. The essentiality of public participation is accepted by government and public, since the public is both environment protectors and environment consumers.Environment issue is the basic relationship between human and nature. The nature of human is the sum of social relations. People will subject to natural practice in various social causes, such as system, interests. The building of environment—friendly society must be on the base of human rational relations to give for play to people's initiative and arouse the enthusiasm of the public. As human society on the level of awareness of environment issues constantly deepen, environment—friendly society has been put forward as the third stage of the new ideas about environment protection. It advocates economic, social and technology integration and the harmony of man and nature, the common people. Participation is the bridge of linking the environmental right of collectivity and the environmental right of individual. The public participate in environment through hearing, argumentation, conversazione, and so on.The paper explores the political base and theoretical base for public participation by applying the theory of Marxism. It contains interaction between people and the environmental theory, two major changes theory, socialist democracy and civil society. The relationship between human and nature is to occur by practice, so people solve the environmental problems only through establishing and improving social equity mechanisms to remove the alienation of people. Environment democracy is inevitable to be within the framework of democracy. The participation democracy is the core of democracy. It is the best way to coordinate relations between the government and the public that government support, mobilize and rely on public participation in environmental protection.At this age, public participation has some deficiencies: civic consciousness of main body is dim, the effect of NGO is limited. The number of NGO is relative small, and most of support is the nature of the semi—government–run, it is difficult to represent the public interest. At the same time, the public based on the marginal costs, the marginal efficiency measure, often do not actively participate in, and it usually has hitchhiking phenomenon. The traditional administrative ethics led to the government played a role as the ruler, the participation involved in the public affairs is radical, shallowly.Public participation in building environment—friendly society must adhere to Marxist principles to achieve harmony between human and nature, human and society. We should promote education of Marxist concept of citizenship, and the comprehensive development. Public participation in government actions will be institutionalized procedures to ensure that the public can express their interests, and the parties concerned to strike a balance between the interests of the government of constraints.