The Characterization And Preparation Of Metal/Polymer Nanocomposities

Properties of metal nanoparticles can be well combined with that of polymer by adding the nanoparticles into the polymer matrix to achieve nanoparticles enforced nanocompositions. The compositions can present perfect properties, including electromagnetic, optics, catalysis and so on. As a result, the promising application of the nanocompositions as functional material become possible. However, the applications of the nanoparticles are limited by some factors, such as agglomeration, poor combination with organic matrix and chemical instability. The surface of modification can prevent the oxidation and the agglomeration, enhance dispersivity of the metal nanoparticles in polymer, and also provide nice processability of the compositions.In this work, the surface modification of Fe and Ni nanoparticles was studied, and the structures of the modified nanoparticles were characterized and the properties were investigated. On the other hand, the fabrication of Fe(C)/Epoxy resin nanocompositions were researched, and the properties of it also were explored.Fe nanoparticles were treated by situ polymerization with Acrylic amide (AM) using sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as dispersant, and the Fe nanoparticles coated by AM were achieved. Best dosage and reaction time for SDBS were chosen according to the activating exponent. The analysis of its structure and thermal indicated that polyacrylamide encapsulates Fe nanoparticles by physical absorption and the core/shell compound particle with diameter of about 30nm and shell thickness of 5～6nm, so the content of polyacrylamide is about 10.6%. Additionally, the effects of oxidant on the reaction were investigated. The modified particles were added into the waterborne acrylic acid paint, and the best dosage was determined.Ni nanoparticles were treated by situ polymerization with Acrylic amide (AM) using sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as dispersant, and the Fe nanoparticles coated by AM were achieved. The analysis of its structure and thermal indicated that polyacrylamide encapsulates Fe nanoparticles by physical absorption and the core/shell compound particle with diameter of about 35nm and shell thickness of 5～6nm, so the of polyacrylamide is about 21%.Comparing with particles,the effect of oxidizer on the content were analysed.The carbon coated Fe nanoparticles prepared by a DC arc discharge method were added to epoxy resin matrix to fabricate Fe(C)/Epoxy resin nanocomposition. The process conditions were optimized according to the viscosity, solidification time and solidification temperature. The results of thermal analysis indicated that the functional group in the surface of the nanoparticles can take part in the reaction, and decrease the oxidized temperature of Epoxy resin. The nanocomposition present poor conductivity when few powders were added.