Structural Design Of One-or Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal For â…¢-â…¤ Semiconductor And Organic Photoelectric Materials

While electron movement in a semiconducting material may be controlledby engineering the electronic band structure of materials, the propagation of anelectromagnetic wave within a photonic crystal may be manipulated bycontrolling the variation of refractive index of the crystal. Yablonovitch andJohn first showed that PCs may display a range of frequency where thepropagation of an electromagnetic wave in the PCs is completely forbidden.Such artificial 2D and 3D periodic dielectric structures are called PCs inanalogy to real crystals. Absolute photonic band gap for a photonic crystal onlywhen photonic band gap in both polarization modes are present and theyoverlap each other. The propagation of electromagnetic radiation in periodicdielectric structure can be described as similar to the case of electronspropagating in a crystal. If the wavelength is of the dimensions of the periodicstructure, a photonic band gap, that is, a frequency spectrum where noelectromagnetic modes exists, can open up in two or three dimensions and leadto interesting phenomena. That phenomenon is of great theoretical and practical importance and can be employed in variety of new optical devices.Depending on the frequency requirement of specific applications, the one-,two-, and three-dimensional (1D, 2D, and 3D) photonic crystals (PCs) havebeen obtained in infrared, microwave, and millimeter-wave region. Forwavelength shorter than infrared, especially in UV region only a fewexperimental and theoretical systems have recently been demonstrated to exhibitthe signature of photonic bandgaps. This is because most materials have highabsorption coefficients and unstable dielectric constants under prolongedirradiation with UV/VIS light. Here, the possibility of semiconductor (â…¢-â…¤)and organic as one- or two-dimensional photonic band gap crystals wereinvestigated in UV or VIS region. The different aspects were examined of theabsolute photonic band gap (PBG) formation for multilayer one- dimensional ortriangular pillar and film-based network two-dimensional photonic crystalsstructure. The formation of PBG were exhibited and confirmed by a calculationof transfer matrix method. It were found that those structure could be goodcandidate for absolute inhibition of reflection in visible frequency region forgiven orientation.