| Resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS)has become known for its sensitivity and simplicity as a new analytical technique.This method is based on the strong RRS signal produced by the reactions such as the aggregation of chromophore on some biological macromolecules and the ion-association reactions,which are formed by electrostatic force,hydrophobic force and charge transfer interaction between small molecules.It has been used to investigate some biological macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins,and also used to the determination of some trace inorganic and organic substances.The RRS method has high sensitivity and has fascinating foreground in life sciences,envirommental sciences and nano-meter materials.This article consists of two parts.In the first part the development of resonance Rayleigh scattering analysis and the pharmacological actions of saccharide and its common analytical methods have been briefly summarized;in the second part the resonance Rayleigh scattering methods for the determination of two saccharides have been reported.The main contents are listed as follows:1.Determination of Dextran Sulfate Sodium by Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectra1.1 Determination of dextran sulfate sodium with basic triphenyl-methane dye ethyl violet by resonance Rayleigh scatteringIn the Britton Robinson buffer medium(pH 9.0～10.5),both dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)and basic triphenyl-methane dye ethyl violet(EV)had very faint resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS) signal.However,when DSS and EV were mixed together,the interaction between DSS and EV to form complex by virtue of electrostatic and hydrophobic forces occurred,which greatly enhanced the RRS intensity and a new RRS spectrum for the DSS-EV system appeared with three obvious scattering wavelengths at 348.0 nm,509.8 nm and 680.0 nm.The RRS intensity was directly proportional to the concentration of DSS in the range of 0.005～2.4μg·mL-1,and the detection limit was 3.25 ng·mL-1.The characteristics of RRS and absorption spectra of the DSS-EV system were studied.The effects of experimental conditions such as acidity,the concentration of EV,reaction time,temperature and ionic strength on the system had been discussed.In addition,the influence of coexistent substances on the systerm has been studied.The method had high sensitivity and has been applied to the determination of DSS in synthetic samples with satisfactory results.A new method for the determination of trace amounts of DSS based on the RRS method has been developed.1.2 Determination of dextran sulfate sodium with cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium bromide by resonance Rayleigh scatteringIn pH 6.0 Britton Robinson buffer medium,the resonance Rayleigh scattering intensity of sole dextran sulfate sodium or cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium bromide was very faint.However, when they reacted with each other to form ionic-association complexes,the intensity of resonance Rayleigh scattering can be greatly enhanced although the change of absorption spectum was faint.A new RRS spectrum of the DSS-CPB system appeared with the maximum scattering peak at 312 nm. The suitable reaction conditions and effect factors were studied.The RRS intensity was directly proportional to the concentration of DSS in the range of 0.01～2.8μg mL-1,and the detection limit was 9.85 ng mL-1.The influence of foreign substances on the system was investigated.The method was sensitive and selective.2.Determination of Dermatan Sulfate by Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectra2.1 Determination of dermatan sulfate with acridine dyes by resonance Rayleigh scatteringUnder suitable conditions,the intensity of resonance Rayleigh scattering resulting from interaction between dermatan sulfate(DS)and acridine dyes could be greatly enhanced.In the dermatan sulfate and acridine orange(AO)system,the new RRS spectrum of the DS-AO system appeared with the maximum scattering peak at 515.6 nm,the RRS intensity was directly proportional to the concentration of DS in the range of 0.01～6.0μg·mL-1,and the detection limit was 8.7×ng·mL-1.The method was sensitive and has been applied to the determination of DS in synthetic samples with satisfactory results.2.2 Determination of dermatan sulfate with toluidine blue by resonance Rayleigh scatteringThe combination of dermatan sulfate with toluidine blue(TB),a basic phenothiazine dye,has been studied by means of resonance Rayleigh scattering.The results showed that under the suitable conditions,the binding of DS with TB could result in a significant enhancement of the RRS intensity. A new RRS spectrum of the DS-TB system appeared with the maximum scattering peak at 356.0 nm. The optimum conditions of the reaction,the influencing factors and the relationship between the RRS intensity and the concentration of DS has been studied.The RRS intensity was directly proportional to the concentration of DS in the range of 0.1～4.0μg·mL-1.The method exhibited high sensitivity and the detection limit was 8.5×10-2μg·mL-1.It has been applied to the determination of DS in synthetic samples with satisfactory results. |
PDF Full Text Request