One-Dimensional Cu(OH)₂ Nanomaterials: Synthesis And Application

As compared to bulk materials, nanoscale materials exhibit large surface areas and size-dependent quantum confinement effects. They often have distinct electronic, optical, magnetic, and thermal properties. One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials (nanowires, nanotubes, nanoribbons and nanorods) have been the focus of considerable interest because of their fundamental importance and potential applications. Many methods have already been developed for the fabrication of 1D nanomaterials. Base on our laboratory conditions, Cu(OH)2 1D nanomaterials have been synthesized in an aqueous solution, the application of the synthesized Cu(OH)2 1D nanomaterials in sensor have been developed. The content of this thesis are as follows:1. Cu(OH)2 1D nanomaterials(nanorods and nanoribbons) have been synthesized in an aqueous solution at ambient temperature, with CuSO4 and Na2O2 as the reagents. The synthesis process can be monitored with the fluorescence spectrum, and techniques of XRD, TEM. HRTEM have been used to characterize the morphology, structure, and composition of the nanomaterials. The effect of temperature and concentration of the reagents have been discussed, finally a possible mechanism is proposed for the formation of the Cu(OH)2 1D nanorods/nanoribbons. The experiment results are demonstrated as follows: (ⅰ) With the reaction temperature increasing, the morphology of Cu(OH)2 1D nanomaterials will change. When the temperature is above 50℃, the morphologies of the samples are needle-like, and easy to get together; so the temperature should keep below 50℃. (ⅱ) The morphology of the nanostructured Cu(OH)2 is significantly influenced by the concentration of Na2O2. However, the concentration of CuSO4 did not distinctly affect the morphology of the product. In a word, the concentration of CuSO4 is at 0.0075 mol/L, we can control the morphology of the sample by vary the concentration of Na2O2. (ⅲ) It is obvious that Na2O2 plays an important role in our system, it control the nucleate and growth process of Cu(OH)2 1D nanomaterials, a possible mechanism is proposed for the synthesis of Cu(OH)2 1D nanomaterials.2. Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays were fabricated by assembled Cu(OH)2 1D nanostructures on a copper surface. The morphology of Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays were characterized using SEM, and the phase identification was performed using XRD, and the application of Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays are studied. The results are showed as follows: (ⅰ) The concentration of the reagent seems did not affect the morphology of the product. (ⅱ) After reaction for 5 min, with the increase of reaction time, the morphologies of the Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays remain unchanged. (ⅲ) The substrate distinctly affects the morphologies of the products. Copper filament was used as the substrate, there are Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays on the surface of the copper filament, but growth rate were relative slow compared to that grown on copper foil. If the copper filament was replaced with silver filament, Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays could not be assemble on the surface of the silver filament. (ⅳ) Based on the experiment result, the mechanism of assemble Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays on copper foil was discussed in this paper. (ⅴ) Cu(OH)2 nanowire quasi-arrays were demonstrated to be an excellent response to humidity,and it is possible to be applied as humidity sensor.