The Study Of Bio-Toxicity And Biological Effects Of The Wastes Drilling Fluids From Daqing Oil Field

The experiments of Photobacteria and the Cell Microkernel of Vicia faba's Root Tip were carried out to evaluate the acute toxicity and the genetic toxicity of the waste drilling fluid from Daqing Oil Field. And research on the biological effects of the waste drilling fluid for soybean through the experiment of soybean cultivated in pots. The results show that three kinds of Daqing oilfield drilling fluids system-amphoteric compound ionic drilling fluids, macromolecule polymer emulsion drilling fluids and organic silicon drilling fluids are with a slight acute toxicity, and belong to low toxicity or nontoxic; The genetic poison were innoxious or slight noxious when contents of drilling fluids are below 20%. The genetic poison of the amphoteric compound ionic drilling fluids is higher than the one of the macromolecule polymer emulsion drilling fluids and organic silicon drilling fluids. The filtrates of drilling fluids have a higher genetic poison than drilling fluids, and the genetic poison is higher with the content of drilling fluids increased. In experimental conditiong, waste drilling fluids accelerate the growth and development in soybean. The plant height of soybean,the starch content and the protein even increased by respectively 14.24%, 22.42% and 2.36%. But the contents of Cu, Pb, Cd, As, hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, hydroxybenzene, sulfide and so on in the waste drilling fluid were higher than the background values of the soil in Daqing Region. The harmful elements could be remained in soybean seed, and the contents of Cu, Pb, Cd, As, hydrocarbon, hydroxybenzene in soybean seed had a remarkable linearity relationship with the one in waste drilling fluid.