Study On The Technology Of Synthesis Of HMX

Research on High Energy Density Material(HEDM) is meaningful and influencing for improving the performance of weapon system. In the paper, the craft of synthesis of 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro -1,3,5,7- tetraazacyclooctane(HMX) was improved on the base of the way of acetic anhydride; the craft of synthesis of HMX was studed by DPT; the craft of synthesis of HMX was studed by the way of 1,5-diacetyl-3,7-dinitro -1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (DADN) and 1,3,5,7-tetraacetyl-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane(TAT), the synthesis of the intermediate was optimized and the feasibility of the synthesis of HMX was explored.The effect of the first feeding and preservation time on the yield and purity of HMX was studied in the process of synthesis HMX by the way of acetic anhydride. The factors affected the yield and purity of HMX was discussed. The results show that, the best result could be obtained when the adding and reserved time were 30 min, the crude yield, purity and the total yield of pure HMX is 67.8%, 75.1% and 53.2%, respectively.As for the process of HMX preparation by 2,6-dinitropentamethylenetetramine (DPT). Firstly, the intermediate DPT has been preparated by using hexamine as starting material. And then, the HMX has been synthesized by nitrifying DPT, the conclusion: MgO,NH4NO3,HNO3 taking as nitrified system, acting condition mild, cost lower; purity 98.5%,procedure60.1%;As for the process of HMX preparation by DADN. Firstly, the intermediate DPT has been preparated by using hexamine and urea as starting material. And then, the HMX has been synthesized by nitrifying DADN, the conclusion: taking MgO, HNO3as nitrified system, acting condition mild, procedure 65%;As for the process of HMX preparation by TAT. In the process of 2,6-diacetylpentamethylenetetramine (DAPT),TAT preparation, the same production has been received taking water as catalysts instead of catalysts in the Lukasavage patent. The optimal conditions of DAPT synthesized: reaction temperature 0℃, reaction time 1h, The conditions of TAT synthesized: reaction temperature 110℃, reaction time 2h, n(acetic anhydride) optimal:n(DAPT)=3:1;The optimal condition of production was obtained by the production of intermediates and offsprings by the experiments, the structures of these intermediate compounds and were characterized by IR, single crystai diffraction, elemental analysis.