Studies On Human Urgent Evacuation In The Underground Emporium Fire

Fire accident in the underground emporium is more focused by many people in the world along with fire accident frequency happened. Underground emporium fires have been gloomy at the moment because of the particularity of the more combustiblesubstance, the big fire-loads, the long time of the miperfect combustion, the personnel evacuation difficulty and so on. Once the fires occurred in the underground emporium, it easily result in the heavy casualties and the enormous property loss. Therefore, human urgent evacuation in the underground emporium fire are selected as the subject of this paper, the main work in this paper are as follows.(1) The factors to affect the personnel evacuation were analysed in preliminary, then the personnel psychology and behavior was discussed, and last the behavior models which the customers and staff displayed in the fire were studied. The connection between the personnel and the fire was analysed by the numbers, and the personnel response ablility in the fire was cognition and forecast. All the thing will be the foundation for research of human urgent evacuation.(2) The behavioral characteristic of the personnel evacuation was indagated in the continuous and discrete states, and the flow condition and the human behavior were researched in the different pedestrian-flow density. On this basis, the evacuation velocity and the path of the different age and sex person under the various factors influenced were analysed in the discrete states, as well as the calculating formulation of the personnal moving time was given out. And the time model of the personnal movement was builded in the continuous states.(3) The factors of the personnal evacuation time were studied, and the personnal moving time was primary studied. And the decision conditions that the fire ran to the dangerous situations were analysed.(4) Customer flow was surveyed in Xi'an large underground emporium, and the numbers of the different ages and sex customer and staff were been statistic during the workday and weekday. And the numbers of the practical investigation were compared with the numbers of the theoretical calculation which based on the JB50016-2006 of the provision of the Design Normal of the Building, and the factors influencing the customer flow were analysed. In addition, the fire-fighting system of Xi'an underground emporium was surveyed, and the personnal evacuation time and the time that the fire ran to dangerous situations were calcucated. The fire-fighting system was assessed by the both time comparative analysised.