Studies On Toxic Effects Of Water-borne Cadmium On Matured Chinese Mitten-handed Crab, Eriocheir Sinensis

In this paper,we study the matured Chinese Mitten-handed crab, Eriocheir sinensis—a economic crustaceans Eriocheir in our country. using enzyme analysis and sperm quality evaluation method to study the effection of different water exposed Cd²⁺ concentrations to the matured Chinese Mitten-handed crab, Eriocheir sinensis 's reproductive toxicity, liver pancreas digestive enzymes , metabolic enzymes and antioxidant enzyme systems activity. With a view to discovery the effection of Cd²⁺ to the matured Chinese Mitten-handed crab, Eriocheir sinensis ' s digestion, metabolism, antioxidant and reproductive toxicity of the short-term impact. The experimental results show :1, Effects of water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) on activity of digestive enzyme in matured Eriocheir sinensisEffects of water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) in different concentrations (1mg/L,2mg/L and 4mg/L) and different time (24h, 48h, 72h and 96h) on activities of pepsin, typase amylase and cellulase in hepatopancreas of matured Eriocheir sinensis were studied. The results showed the different inhibition effect of Cd²⁺ in activities of pepsin, typase amylase and cellulose in the hepatopancreas in varied extents, and the extent of inhibition is more and more obvious with increasing level of water-borne Cd²⁺. Each concentration group of Cd²⁺ activities of pepsin, typase, amylase and cellulose in hepatopancreas of matured Eriocheir sinensis are more and more remarkably inhibited with the prolongation exposing time in Cd²⁺ solution. All the results show the inhibited degree of four digestive enzymes in hepatopancreas of matured Eriocheir sinensis is dependent on the concentrations and acting time of pollutants.2, Effects of water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) on activity of metabolic enzyme in matured Eriocheir sinensisEffects of water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) in different concentrations (1mg/L,2mg/L and 4mg/L) and different time (24h,48h,72h and 96h) on activities of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase in gill, AKP and ACP in hepatopancreas, AST/GOT and ALT/GPT in haemolymph of matured Chinese Mitten-handed crabs (Eriocheir simnsis) were studied. The results showed, The activities of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase in gill is inhibited all the time, and there is positive correlation between the inhibited degree and the concentration of Cd²⁺, At the same time the activities Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase in gill change obviously (P<0.05) with the prolongation of exposing time. The activities of AKP in hepatopancreas is inhibited all the time and the extent of inhibition is more and more obvious with increasing the level of water-borne Cd²⁺, There is remarkable change of decline (P<0.05) exposing in Cd²⁺ solution of 1mg/L after 48h, The AKP activity in hepatopancreas in Cd²⁺ solution of 2mg/L and 4mg/L change remarkably (P<0.05) with the prolongation of exposing time. The inhibited degree of activity of ACP in hepatopancreas is more and more obvious with increasing the level of water-borne Cd²⁺. The activity of ACP is higher a little than control's in Cd²⁺ solution of 1mg/L at 24h, and declines continually after 24h, The ACP activity in hepatopancreas in Cd²⁺ solution of 2mg/L and 4mg/L change remarkably (P<0.05) with the prolongation of exposing time. The activities of AST/GOT and ALT/GPT in haemolymph is inhibited all the time, and the inhibited degree is more and more obvious with increasing the level of water-borne Cd²⁺ and with the prolongation of exposing time.3, Effects of water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) on antioxidant system in matured Eriocheir sinensisImmersing the matured Chinese Mitten-handed crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) in different concentrations solution of Cd²⁺(1mg/L, 2mg/L and 4mg/L), the antioxidant enzyme activities of Superoxide dismutase(SOD), Catalase(CAT), Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) and the total antioxidant ability in hepatopancreas were assayed at Oh, 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h. The results showed that the enzyme activity of SOD decreased after exposing in Cd²⁺ solution of 1mg/L and 2mg/L, and it decreased the lowest level at 72h of Cd²⁺ solution of 1mg/L and at 48h of Cd²⁺ solution of 1mg/L, With the prolongation of exposing in Cd²⁺ solution of of 1mg/L and 2mg/L, the activity of SOD furbished and transcended control group activity each at 96h and 72h. The activity of CAT was declined at 24h, and increased at 48h, then it was decreased again and was lower than control group's. The change of the activity of GSH-PX was just the same as the SOD. The total antioxidant ability was declined first, and then it was increased, at last it furbished the activity level of control group in Cd²⁺ solution of 1mg/L, but it was lower than control group's all the time in Cd²⁺ solution of 2mg/L. All the results showed water-borne cadmium (Cd²⁺) could effect on the antioxidant enzymes of antioxidant system at short time, so they indicating values for water-borne cadmium (Cd²⁺) pollution in early stages.4, Effects of water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) on reproductive toxicity in matured Eriocheir sinensisEffects of water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) in different concentrations (1mg/L,2mg/L and 4mg/L) and different time (24h, 48h, 72h and 96h) on activity of LDH in spermary and glandula accessoria of matured Chinese Mitten-handed crabs (Eriocheir sinensis), the sperm viability and acrosomal reaction rate. The results showed that the activities of LDH in spermary and glandula accessoria there were no remarkable differences (P>0.05) compared with control group, the sperm viability and acrosomal reaction rate there were no remarkable differences (P>0.05) compared with control group exposing in Cd²⁺ solution of 1mg/L and 2mg/L either. After exposing in Cd²⁺ solution of 4mg/L, the activities of LDH was decreased remarkably (P<0.05), and there was also remarkable decline (P<0.05) to the sperm viability and acrosomal reaction rate at 72h and 96h. In a summary, the water-borne cadmium(Cd²⁺) have some bite reproductive toxicity effect on matured Chinese Mitten-handed crabs (Eriocheir sinensis).