Numerical Simulation And Study Of Smoke Movement In Train Compartment Fire Accidents

In fire accidents, smoke is the most dangerous factor to people's life because of its high temperature,anoxic condition and toxicity. A lot of cases prove that 85% of the deaths are caused by smoke in fire accidents. By studying the process of smoke movement, the smoke concentration and temperature distribution law can be discussed. The conclusions obtained are important for smoke control and analysis of the fatalness of the fire.With the development of the computer and calculational methods, CFD also makes great progress and it plays an important role in the studying of compartment fire. There are two models of compartment fire in common use at present: zone simulation and field simulation. The features and limitations of the two models are discussed and contrasted in this paper and field simulation is chosen.Geometrical model of a train compartment, physical model and mathematical model for the computation of smoke movement and heat transfer in the train compartment are established. Turbulent flow in the compartment is described by using thek ?εtwo-equations turbulence model, and finite volume method is used to discrete the governing equation. The airflow field is solved by SIMPLEST algorithm. With the software PHOENICS, the temperature field,smoke concentration field and airflow field of 3-D airflow in the train compartment are simulated and analyzed. The effect of fire location, emitting rate of smoke of the fire, fire size, inlets of air conditioning system and movement of the train on the smoke concentration and temperature field is discussed. Compared with the experimentation in single-room fire case, the feasibility and correctness of the simulation method used in this paper is proved.