| Semen Armeniacae Amanrum is the dry mature seed of Armeniaca Valgaris Lam, Armeniaca Sibirica Lam, Prunus Sibirica Lam, Primus mandshurica Koehne and Primus Armeniaca Lam, which are plants of Rosaceae. It richly contains many nutrition components, such as oil, carbohydrate, cellulose, Vitamin, amino acid, protein and mineral substance, etc. Especially it includes amygdalin that enables Semen Armeniacae Amanrum to dispel the phlegm, relieve the cough, resist the cancer assistantly, enhance the immunity, reduce the blood sugar, prevent chronic gastritis and withering gastritis.In this paper the Zhidan apricot almond was taken as a raw material, and I has studied the extraction technique with the water and alcohol, compared the merit and demerit of the two methods;Studied the extraction of amygdalin which assistanted by ultrasonic and the purify craft;Determined hydrolysis condition of amygdalin. Above studies have the vital significance to the development of almond functionality food and almond industry.The experiment result indicated that:1. Using Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry determines the content of Amygdalin, The solvent was methanol, the detection wavelength was 219nm. The linear ranges of amygdalin were 0.01~0.10mg/mg with the r of 0.9996. The recovery was from 99.751 to 102.124% and the coefficient of variation was 0.9749% (n=6). Because of a good accuracy, adaptability and a simple procedure, the Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry method may be useful for the chemical evaluation of the amygdalin.2. The optimum conditions of extracting amygdalin from Zhidan apricot almond with the water as following: temperature is 100℃, material and solvent ratio is 1:10, time is 40min, extracting 2 times, and the quantity of extract is 2.9849%, the extracting rate is 84.9894%.3. The optimum conditions of extracting amygdalin from Zhidan apricot almond with the ethanol as following: the ethanol concentration is 60%, material and solvent ratio is 1:7, temperature is 85℃, time is 40min, extracting 3 times, and the quantity of extract is 2.9857%, the extracting rate is 85.0125%.4. The optimum conditions of extracting amygdalin from Zhidan apricot almond assistanted with ultrasonic as following: the ethanol concentration is 60%, material and solvent ratio is 1:7, power is 250W, time is 15min, extracting 2 times, and the quantity of extract is 3.2565%, the extracting rate is 92.7232%.5. The ethanol crystallization conditions of amgydalin: dissolve crude amgydalin in 15 times 95% ethanol and crystallize 24h at normal temperature, meanwhile, add 5% aether as purification reagent. The getting ratio is 85.67%, the content of amgydalin is 75.19%.6. The conditions of purifying amgydalin using LSA-30 macroporous absorptive resin as following: the velocity is l~2ml/min. ethanol concentration is 60%. The getting ratio is 78.28%, and the content of amgydalin is 80.13%.7. The conditions of purifying amgydalin using column chromatographic polyamide as following: the velocity is 0.4~0.7ml/min. ethanol concentration is 60%. The getting ratio is 90.67%, and the content of amgydalin is 87.30%.8. The conditions of combinative purifying amgydalin of column chromatographic polyamide and ethanol crystallization as following: condense the 60% ethanol elute solution, and dissolve it in 15 times 95% ethanol and crystallize 24h at normal temperature, meanwhile, add 5% aether as purification reagent. The getting ratio is 77.84%, the content of amgydalin is 96.36%.9. The optimal conditions of the acid hydrolysis of amygdalin as following: concentration of hydrochloric acid is 2mol/L, ratio of hydrochloric acid to raw material is 5:1, temperature were 40°C, time is 40min. The hydrolysis ratio is 94.622%.10. The optimal conditions of the Amygdalase hydrolysis of amygdalin as following: concentration of Amygdalase solution is 0.25mol/L, ratio of Amygdalase to raw material is 3:1, temperature were 40°C, time is 20min. The hydrolysis ratio is 94.622%. |
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