The Impacts Of Human Disturbance On Ecosystem

The ecosystem is not only the substantial and environmental foundation of human' s survival and development, but the integrative entia of biotic community and the environment. Within the expanding of the depth and breadth of the economic society, the human disturbance has changed the entire ecosystem on the mainland and climatic zones, and the human disturbance has been considered to be the driving force which promotes the population, the community and the ecosystem to evolve.The human disturbance in this article is that human changes the constitution, structure and function of the ecosystem during the producing process, which makes the ecosystem in a state of transition, and causes the succession of the ecosystem. So the human disturbance is an inevitable cause which continuously changes the natural ecosystem. Because of the different intensity and manner of the disturbance, the effect may be plus, such as optimizing the structure;strengthening the function;compensating the side-effect caused by the disordered disturbance, may be ruinous, such as breaking up the structure;weakening the function;destroying the ecosystem, and things that go against the producing activity.This article mainly discusses the human disturbance research of ecosystem from two aspects. On the one hand it deals with the way, the mechanism and the change rule of the human disturbance which makes the substance, energy and information flow in ecosystem. On the other hand it focuses on the effect of the human disturbance on the ecosystem, such as the succession of the ecosystem, and explains it using the minus entropy and dissipation construction. Finally it finds out the succession model of the ecosystem under the human disturbance. This article takes the land consolidation under the human disturbance as a typical case, and discusses the succession model of agroecosystem during the land consolidation. By the quantitative analysis, we induct the minus entropy to . reduce the whole ecosystem entropy, then it shows qualitatively to us the land consolidation induct the minus entropy flow by various technique, engineering and biological compensational measurement to make the agroecosystem developed in order.The article is divided into six parts:The first part is the introduction. It briefly elaborated the research background of the human disturbance, the domestic and foreign research progress, the technology route and the research significance.The second part is the theoretical research part. Through the analyzing of various disturbance theories, we find out that the human disturbance inevitably influence the ecosystem during the production and the living process, which causes the succession and the development of the ecosystem. In addition, it elaborates the succession theory of theecosystem, the entropy theory and dissipation construction theory, which lays a theoretical foundation for the erection of the succession model of ecosystem.The third part deals with the effect of the human disturbance on the ecosystem. The human disturbance here means the LUCC, which is an important factor influencing the regional ecosystem function and the quality of the ecological environment. Finally it comes out that the effect of the regional LUCC on the ecosystem structure, the function and the evolution influence mainly displays in the landscape pattern change, the biogeochemistry circulation (including water cycle and water volume balance, in land chemical element migration and atmosphere thermal circulation) as well as the biological diversity.The fourth part deals with the respond of the ecosystem to the human disturbance. The human disturbance is actually a disturbance that human do to the substance, energy and information flow of the ecological. In order to discuss the change process of the ecosystem along with the time succession, we used the secondly thermodynamics law to explain the succession change of entropy value, and established three kind of dynamic succession models: Restraining succession model, enclosed succession model and divergent succession model. The agroecosystem has the dissipation construction, and as an activity that influences the agroecosystem, the land consolidation changed the land type succession of the agroecosystem. The succession of the land type is actually a dynamic process occurred in the land type changing. Unusually the human disturbance succession displays in three aspects: (1) changing the factor structure of the land type. (2) Increasing or reducing land system matter and the input and the output of the energy. (3) Changing the environmental condition and the space built-up section of the land type. Therefore ecosystem landscape heterogeneity index (diversity index dominance index isolation index fragmentation index) the quota change achievement causes the ecological succession factor around, analyzes through the pessimistic Gray relational entropy model reorganizes the total entropy value change.The fifth part is the case study. Take the land consolidation project of XinZha village Anlu town in Hubei Province as an example, using the gray relational entropy model, we know that the total entropy value will reduce after the land consolidation, so the land consolidation is an activity that course the minus entropy flow. What' s more, it discussed from the qualitative aspect, and concluded that the land consolidation may induce the minus entropy change to the plus direction.The sixth part is the conclusion. It made a comprehensive summary to the content, and pointed put the innovation of this article and the further research direction.