| Coal shale is the waste in coal production course. They not only take up the large area ground, but also pollute the soil, plant, water and air, which result in endanger the health of human body. How to utilize the waste still is a mainly studied task on the accompanying resource used among coal production in China. It is a good type that the coal shale is used as filler of polymer. It not only make the coal shale useful, but also decrease the cost of the material, and it is the better way if the coal shale can improve the properties of the polymer material. The results show that the main component of the coal shale which can be used as polymer filler are clay and organic compound.The paper chose Shanxi province produced coal shale as original material, and get three coal shale samples through a serial production courses, including separation, grinding, ultra-fine grinding and surface treatment, and receive the three type fillers. Their component, granularity and activation index are tested. Then, Nylon 6/coal shale composites were prepared by melt blending. Many testings are carried out such as mechanical properties, melting and crystal behaviors, rheology, and microstructures. And the structures and the properties of the nylon6 are influenced by the coupling agents and its content, coal shale component, granularity ,and the content of the coal shale which were discussed. The primary results are as followed:1. The different coal shale have different result. The results show the coal shale is the best. The elastic modulus of nylon6 added with coal shale B raised by 37%, the flexural modulus 35%, and impact strength a little. The tensile strength, the elastic ratio, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of nylon6 added with coal shale A, C increased by little.2. The filler coal shale applied was modified by silane coupling agents KH550, KH560 and easter titantane coupling agents NDZ101, NDZ201. The results show that properties of filled composite are obviously improved. The comprehensive effects offiller modified by KH550 and NDZ101 are better. The appropriate content is 1.0%.3. The properties of composites increase with the particle size decrease.4. With the content of the coal shale increasing, the tensile properties and the flexural properties of composites increase with the amount at first and then decrease and it is best when the amount is 25%, and the impact strength is opposition.5. Results of DSC, WAXD showed that the existence of the coal shale could lead tothe emergence of γ -crystal of Nylon 6, could affect the crystallization velocities andcrystallinities of Nylon6, could raise their crystallization temperatures. Results of their non- isothermal kinetics indicated that coal shale affected nucleation mechanisms and growth modes of crystal of Nylon 6.6. In the range of the shear rate, pure nylon 6 and its composites were both pseudoplastic fluids. Addition of coal shale made the sensitivity of nylon 6 to shearing and temperature decrease, which made nylon 6 easy to process.7. SEM pictures show imbricate structures for nylon6/coal shale, they have fracture toughness.8. The coal shale A,B layers were exfoliated to nanometer layers and randomly dispersed in the nylon6 .The coal shale C was reunite in the nylon6. |
PDF Full Text Request