The Histology, Thermodynamics And Electrochemical Properties Of Nanoscale Ce,Sn,Ru Oxide

In this paper, Ce-Sn and Ce-Sn-Ru active oxide powder was prepared by modified sol-gel method,the active oxide anode samples were successfully prepared too. The morphology,phase structure ,crystal structure and morphology of binary oxides were studied by XRD and TEM, the following results are indicated. Rutile(Sn,Ce)O2 solid solution and fluorite(Sn,Ce)O2 solid solution are the main phase structures in the Ce-Sn binary oxide powder. In the Ce-Sn-Ru ternary oxide powder there are three kinds of phase structures: Ru-based (Ce ,Sn,Ru)O2 solid solution, Sn-based(Ce ,Sn,Ru)O2 solid solution and Ce-based (Ce ,Sn,Ru)O2 solid solution. After higher tempreture annealing treatment, SnO2 or CeO2 were found in the powder. The reason is that SnO2 or CeO2 solutes segregate near the grain boundary region of the solid solution during the cooling process of annealing. The morphology of Ce-Sn oxide crystals is equiaxial, the morphology of Ru-based (Ce ,Sn,Ru)O2 solid solution crystals is stylolitic, and the morphology of Sn-based (Ce ,Sn,Ru)O2 solid solution crystals is spheric. The size of Ce-based (Ce ,Sn,Ru)O2 solid solution crystals is very small. Adding SnO2 improves the dispensability of the oxide powder greatly. The component Ce of Ce-Sn-Ru active oxide suppressed the precipitation of metallic substance Ru, which will be helpful to the performances of active oxide coated electrode if it is applied in industry. Through the thermal analysis and XRD the activated energies of both crystal formation and crystal growth were calculated. The thermal kinetics formation conditions of binary oxide powders were also discussed. Finally, The effects of different coatings on properties of the ternary active oxide coated anode were studied by some electrochemical measurements including cyclic voltammograms.