Preparation And Characterization Of Inorgranic And Dehalogen Flame Retardants Based On Layered Double Hydroxides

Traditional inorganic flame retardants could not, like macromolecular retardant materials, perform both excellent retardant flame and smoke inhibition together. In the thesis, series of inorganic and dehalogen novel flame retardants have been synthesized. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), with layered structure, possess ion-exchange property and varieties of elements in layer sheet. Borate has been intercalated into layered double hydroxides, that perform highly effective flame retardants by cooperating layers (host) with interlayer anions (guest).Borate anions have been intercalated into Mg-Al-CO3 LDHs as precursors acidic conditions. LDHs containing different anions can be obtained by controlling the value of pH value, triborate intercalated LDHs has been synthesized by ion-exchange with Zn-Mg-Al-CO3 LDHs as precursors.All the products have been characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TG-DTA, 11B MAS NMR. The supramolecular host-guest interactions involve not only electrostatic forces and hydrogen bonds but also the covalent bonding within the host layers and intermolecular interactions between the guest anions in the interlayer region. And the schematic models have been given.When the additive quantity is 150phr, three kinds of LDHs (Mg-Al, Zn-Al and Zn-Mg-Al) show good fire-retardant properties. By controlling the size of materials to nano-size, the properties of smoke inhibition and fire-retardance have been improved significantly. On the same additive quantity, borate-pillared LDHs with supramolecular structure enhance the smoke inhibition property in combination the advantage of nano-size LDHs with that of borate fire-retardants. The mechanical feature of LDHs has also obtained improvement by adding zinc to layers.