| DNA is the main genetic material of the organism. The research about DNA can reveal the magic of the heredity.The investigation on DNA are involving that the determination of the biological samples, detection for the structure of the nucleic acid, and the research about the interaction of the anticancer drug with nucleic acid. For these aims, the probes play a important role.So, we focus on the probes of DNA that can be useful for the determination of the nucleic acid in the biological samples. Small molecule of acridine derivatives as DNA probe have non-radioactive, unpolluted, high performance,accurate,,high speed and easy operation advantage, So we hope to find some excellent probes to determine nucleic acid. we can do more works about nucleic acid, such as: detecting the sequence of the nucleic acid or knowing more about the interaction of the virus with DNA. : we focus on that aspect research in this paper,But then combine with the conditions of our laboratory,Five aspect research have been carried out in this paper: Part 1: Aridone derivatives are belong to acridines and they are the most fluorescence reagents,But there are less reports about using them as DNA probe in other articles. So we have synthesized a series of Aridone derivatives in order to enrich the probes of acridines:10-ethyl-3-sulfonic-acridone,10-allyl-3-sulfonic- acridone,10-benzyl-3-sulfonic-acridone,10-phenyl-3–sulfonic-acridone,10-ethyl-3-amido-acridone,10-allyl-3-amido-acridone,10-benzyl-3-amido–acridone,10-phenyl-3-amido–acridone. We are looking forward to finding a appropriate dye-probe in these compounds.and using them in the research of fixing quantify of DNA.Part 2: Acridone is known to be the main intermediate of biacridinium,and that lucigenin(bis-N-methylacridinium nitrate) is an probe that has been shown to generate highly chemiluninescence and has been extensively used to detect inorganic or organic compound. But lucigenin can not be use to label protein,DNA and other biological materials. So two new biacridinium 10,10'-diallyl-3,3'-dichlorosulfo-9,9' -biacridine and 10,10'-diallyl-3,3'-diamido-9,9'-biacridine probes have been synthesized in order to enrich the chemluminescent probes of biacridinium derivatives. They can be used in chemluminescentimmunoassay because of the label functional groups amido and chlorosulfo.Furthermore the two eldctrophobic groups amido and allyl conduce to increase the chemluminescent intensity and analyse sensitivity. Part 3: Ten new probes were synthesized and the IR, UV and element analyse above these compounds have been studied.Part 4: The binding of the compounds to calf thymus DNA was investigated by using fluorescent spectrum,ultravioler visible absorption spectroscopy.and electrochemistry. The result indicate that when probes were binded to ct-DNA , fluorescent spectrum were quenched. some of these complexes 10-ethyl-3-sulfonic-acridone, 10-allyl-3-sulfonic-acridone, 10-ethyl-3-amido-acridone, 10-allyl-3-amido-acridone have strong fluorescence when it was binded to DNA, so they are helpful to become some new kinds of nucleic acid probes.Under the optinmum condition,we find the DNA intensity was correlated with concentration of 10-allyl-3-sulfonic-acridone.The established method is suitable to analyze nucleic acid due to its advantages of high performance,accurate,high speed and easy operation.Part 5:Two new chemluminescent probes 10,10'-diallyl-3,3'dichlorosulfo-9,9'-biacridine and 10,10'-diallyl-3,3'diamido-9,9'-biacridine are used to label anti-HAV and anti 2,4-D antibody. A new theory and some valuable experiment date have veen provided for the chemluminescent probes of lucigenin derivatives.To sum up,in this thesis ,some new investigations and innovation have been carried out for the design an synthesis of some new nucleic acid probe. The properties of spectrum and banding DNA, the application of DNA structure detection, the mechanism of complexes band DNA have been studied in detail. A new theory and some valuable experiment date have veen provided f...
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