Chemical Constituents And Bioactivity In Aboveground Of Peganum Harmala.L

Based on the theories and principles of phytochemistry and modern chemical isolationand purification methods, with the combination of conventional and new methods, asystematically preliminary test was given to the chemical constitutes of abovegroundPeganum harmala L. by means of the tube pretest and the paper chromatography, and thedifferent polar fractions in the ethanol extract was used to investigate the insecticidal activity.Then some compounds were separated and purified by the solvent extraction, thin layerchromatography and the column chromatography, and they were elucidated by the physicaland chemical properties ,combined with the spectrum method. However, the flavonoidextraction processes were also investigated. The experimental results were given as follows:1. By means of the tube pretest and the paper chromatography, the systematicallypreliminary test results showed that it contains alkaloids, flavnoids, phenols, amino acid, etc,in the aboveground of Peganum harmala L. The flavonoids content in the seeds, stems and leaves of Peganum harmala L is 1.452%,0.275%, respectively. The relative flavonoid content were unknown.2. The ethanol extract in the aboveground of Peganum harmala L were fractionated into5 parts, petroleum soluble, chloroform soluble, ethyl acetate soluble, butanol soluble andwater soluble part. The extraction ratios were about 4.6% , 1.7% , 0.3% , 4.8% ,7.6%,respectively. The insecticidal activity experiments of the different extracts ofaboveround Peganum harmala L. were studied using submersed wheat ears. The resultsshowed that the insecticidal activities were increased with the concentrations in each part. Atthe concentration of 2.0g/L the insecticidal activities were apparent in the water extract andchloroform extract with the calibrated death rates about 95.46% and 90.83% respectively after48h .3. With the solvent extraction, thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, 6compunds were separated. Among them 4 compounds, β-sitosterol,β-daucosterol, (±)vasicine and harmine were elucidated with Mp, Ms,and HNMR techniques. β-sitosterol and β-daucosterol were found in the aboveground of Peganum harmala L. for the first time reported.4. The flavonoid extraction processes and technology were also investigated. The resultsshowed that, the reflux extraction is the best in not only seeds but also stems and leaves inconsideration of the extract effect in the whole process. And the technological parameters inthe different prosecces were different in consideration of the solvent, temperature,extractduration, eatract times and the ratio between samples and solvent.