Study On Upscaling In The Field Of Environment Based On GIS Technology

The thesis is presented on the ground of upscaling of successful harnessing experiernce in small channels to a large spatial scale in the loess plateau area. The research purpose of the thesis is to expound the theory and method of upscaling in the field of environnent and how to upscale prioritize the thesis. Furthermore, the thesis will give very useful technical guidance and service for water and soil conservation, ecological reconstruction and sustainable development of environmental system in the loess plateau area.The theory and method of upscaling in the loess plateau area are firstly elaborated in the main text. As the writer's point of view, upscaling should be based on scale range unit and scale herarchy that is suitable to the loess plateau ought to be established in terms of the middle scale range unit. In order to overcome the difficulty of spatial heterogeneity, the measure of nature-ecological and socio- ecomonic comprehensive division is taken so as to initially find out some areas with the same features on middle scale level and similarity is to be calculated between this kind of area and small channels. On the basis of similarity calculated, the suitable area from comprehensive divison for upscaling on middle scale level will come out. Moreover, comprehensive division indices system and upscaling assessment indices system for the loess plateau are given as well.Case study occurs in the Yanhe valley and the Zhifanggou demonstration plot. On the basis of data collection of the research areas, the comprehensive division result can be got by means of extreme standardization, AHP weight and systematical cluster analysis. And relative comprehensive index and distance index are also applied to get suitable scale area for upscaling. The thesis demonstrates the rationality of the comprehensive division and upscaling and discusses superiority and inferiority of research theory and method and the existing problems presented in the paper.The thesis the earliest put forword that upscaling should be done based on scale range unit and in which scale herarchy framework is established. And application of comprehensive division to explore the areas with the same features on middle scale level so that spatial heterogeneity that seems a big problem to other methodologies in environmental science can be avoided is a strong point of research method presented in the paper. The method can play an important role in developing and perfecting theory and method systems for upscaling and give useful reference for this kind of study.