The Applied Study Of Environment Protection By Ecomonic Means

The purpose to conduct the applied study of environment protection by economic means is to supply the theoretical basis for the reform and the environmental economy policy system, so as to make the economic means for environment protection much meet the marketing economy' demands, and to show the double functions of economic stimulation and financial collection. It is also a practical activity for "to promote the sustainable development by utilizing the effective economic means and other ways facing to the market" put forward by <> .The theory of the economic externality has opened out the relationship between market failures and environment external diseconomy, and it provides the theoretical basis on establishing marketing system and improving the environment by using the economic means. The economic means for environment protection is characterized by tow basic functions of act incentive and fund-raising. The main forms are including: pollution charge, ecological environmental compensation and all kinds of environment taxes. And to set up pollution rights exchange system and deposit-refundment system and so on. The genuine property of the pollution charge is that the persons who make pollution are responsible for their economic duties for the behavior on pollution; it's the compensation on environmental damages. The current pollution charge policy has obtained great achievement, at the same time, there're many problems about it, such as the standard of it is very low. The general aim for reforming the pollution charge system is to build an absolute new system, which is fit for the marketing system and the needs of Chinese environment management, is able to promote the surveillance of pollution and increase the fund accumulation, improves and enhances environmental qualities. The main reforming contents encompass the following three aspects: the standard system for pollution charge; the funds- cost policy forpolluted charge and the management for the pollution charge. Among our national tax systems, the main forms related to the environment resources are as following: resource tax, consumption duty, tax on urban construction; tax on vehicles; regulatory tax on invested orientation for fixed assets and infield occupation tax. We must conduct A "Green" reform to the present tax system, the reformed direction is to do our best to bring the environmental costs into the related tax and the tax rate, simultaneously, we should strengthen the overall studies over some new environmental taxes. The pollution charge right exchange system is one of the show-much-concern policies in the world; the U.S.A and several countries have made successful practice in this field, china also made some experiments on pollution charge right exchange. To push all-round the pollution charge exchange system, carry out the pollution license system according to the capacity, set up pollution charge right exchange market, optimize the resource allocation and pollution-control responsible allocation by pushing pollution right exchange, all mentioned above are the available methods to realize the total amount of the pollutants' emission. To set up the compensation of ecological environment and the deposit refundment system, so as to adjust social production activities and living behaviors, restrict the use and waste about environment and resource finally reach the purpose of protecting the ecological resources and the environment.The handle of our national economy means on the environment policy depends on the establishment of marketing economy; relies on the integration of the environmental policy and the economic policy, ties to the transformation of the governmental functions; and also lies on the multiple handles of all lands of managed methods about the environmental protection.