Isolation Actinomycetes From Deep-sea Sediments And Polymorphic Taxanomy Of Two Marine Actinomycetes

Different types of selective pre-treatments were applied in order to increase the number of actinomycetes. More than 400 diverse Gram positive bacteria were isolated from 16 deep-sea sediment samples. Most of them belonged to the class actinomycetes, spanning 21 genera of 15 families. Parts of them were belonged to 7 genuses of 3 Families of Bacilli, including many new taxa. The genus Geodermatophilus, Janibacter and Cellulomonas were discovered from marine sediments for the first time.Actinomycetes isolated from different types of sediment were analyzed. Some strains of the Genus Janibacter (first isolated from the South Pole)and Geodermatophilus (first isolated from a desert soil) were isolated from the hydrothermal environment, which suggest that they may have familiarity relationships to the deep-sea hydrothermal environment; 1 strain of the Genus Williamsia which was thought to be the first deep-sea actinomycetes genus, was isolated from the polymetallic nodule province of Indian Ocean; 2 strains respectively belonged to genera Micromonospora and "Solwaraspora" (unpublished) which were thought to be rich in bioactive products and a new resource for pharmaceutical industry, were isolated from the cold spring of Japan Trench.Polyphasic taxonomy research methods (including morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics) were used for the systematics of two strains which may be new species of the genus Streptomyces and genus Nocardia. One of the strains was suggested to be a new member of the Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces indica sp.nov. is proposed.