Knowledge About Nanotechnology And The Risks Of Social Cognition

The nanotechnology developed gradually during 80 late 90's in the 20th century, belongs to advanced and intersecting subject field. Although the time of researching and developing is short, but its broad prospects of application have being attracted attention by the world. The nanotechnology, information technology and biotechnology are classified as three key technologies in the 21st century. The researching field of nanotechnology is different to macro and micro field, it created mesoscopic field. The nanotechnology researches the characteristics of the material world with nano-scale.The social applications of nanotechnology will have an enormous impact on human society, it will promote the social and economic development, improve human's living environment and quality of life, greatly enrich our material standard of living. The nanotechnology is creating a new human environment, but as any other technology, the nanotechnology has its two sides. If applied properly, it can be for the benefit of the human being; if applied improperly, it could become a scourge of human. The blessing or scourge, survival or destruction depends on the rational choice and thinking on the behavior and application of nanotechnology of human being. The purpose and significance of this study is how to make the people thinking and understanding of the nanotechnology rationally, objectively and properly, and how to guide the correct development of the nanotechnology in a direction of benefit for human.This instoductory chapter describes briefly the purpose of this reseach,meaning,the country, inside and outside the research.The chapter 2 of the paper discusses the cognition of the governments, scientists, and the general public about the development and application of the nanotechnology. As the ethical problems brought by any technology, because of the different cognition of the people in different levels about the development and application of technology, the social problems brought by the development and application of technology is different, the development and application of nanotechnology is also.The chapter 3 analyzes and demonstrates the possible effects on the life, environmental, military and political ethics brought by the development and application of nanotechnology. The improper development and application of nanotechnology might lead to deviation from the original intention for human benefit, and harm to human society by human being.The chapter 4 proposes a social control on the development and application of nanotechnology, and discusses how to realize the social control on the nanotechnology from two sides of external control and internal control, and provide a reasonable and effective restraint method for the development of nanotechnology.Firstly, the innovation of this study is to discuss the cognition of the people in all levels about the nanotechnology comprehensively and systematically, and to analyze potential negative effects and major social ethical problems brought by the improper application of nanotechnology.Secondly, the innovation of this study is to propose the specific control measures for the social control on nanotechnology, to discuss the inside and outside control methods for nanotechnology, and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the sustainable development of application of nanotechnology, which has very important practical significance for the building of sustainable development of harmonious society.