Studies On The Characteristics Of Ground Temperature And Air Temperature And Their Model In Tonghua City From 1951 To 1980

Climate is an equilibrium that constitute the human environment, the atmosphere, oceans ,which terrestrial radiation in the sun, driven by the interaction of a slow change to achieve. At present, climate research has become the focus of attention. The temperature as one of the climatic factors on the survival and development of biology have played a crucial role and impact. Air temperature and ground temperature, as well as the relationship between the two play an important role on guiding adjustment of agricultural structure, the production period of the arrangement, and variety selection.Tonghua City in the study area is located at the foot of Changbai Mountain, south-east of Jilin Province, in the east longitude 125°10' - 126°44 ', 40°52' - 42°49' between. Tonghua has temperate continental climate, which is characterized by strong winds in spring ,dry,warm and rainy in summer, cool in autumn, winter longer. because of mountainous topography, the temperature is increasing in a clear vertical features with altitude and latitude decreasing. This paper selectes annual temperature and ground temperature datas in 1951-1980 in Tonghua City, the proposed research are annual temperature and ground temperature variation in 1951-1980 in Tonghua City and simulation of the temperature of the relationship between the two, with a view to the future of agricultural production in Tonghua City, to provide some reference. The main findings are following:(1) The annual average surface temperature are on the rise with an average increase rate of 0.34℃/ 10 years in 1951-1980 in Tonghua City. But the change is not strong. the annual average ground temperature at approximately 0.3-0.6℃. Seasonal variations are more pronounced, the winter was cooling at the rate of 0.18℃/ 10a, the spring was warming up with 0.45℃/ 10a, the summer temperature was warming up with 0.36℃/ 10a, autumn was warming up with 0.34/10a.(2) multi-year average annual temperature, average minimum temperature, average maximum temperature changes showed warming trend in 1951-1980 in Tonghua City. Interdecadal variations of temperature was rised. 70 years rose with an average of 0.3℃more than 60 years, 60 years rose an average of 0.2℃more than 50 years. Summer was warming with a higher rates of 0.35℃/ 10 years; the spring of the second, the smallest is the autumn, warming rate of 0.12℃/ 10 years.(3) It obtained the linear equation of multi-year average month, multi-year daily mean linear equation based on the relation of air temperature and ground temperature in Tonghua from 1951 to 1980. The slope is greater than 0, the regression coefficients are similar, that indicates to a good correlation between moderate temperature, that is to say , as the ground temperature is higher than air temperature, contrarily the ground temperature decreases. Through the inspection, the budget is good, analog equations have good accuracy.