The Study On Snow Melt Processes Simulation And Snow Characteristics Analysis

Modeling the hydrological processes is an important method for forecast hydrological processes. As a special hydrological phenomenon, the snowmelt processes has complex physics courses and uncertainty, and they are the emphasis and difficulties during modeling the snowmelt processes. At the present time, there many methods on snowmelt process modeling, but from the microcosm physical view to systemic study the hydrothermal genes migration and transform, they are seldom.This paper is account for the requirement of snowmelt flood forecasting, aiming at the keystone and difficulty during the snowmelt process modeling, using the field observation experiments and computer numerical simulative methods to makes a explore on microcosm physical process and numerical simulative. The main work and results include:From the analysis of snowmelt process, the study indicate that during the process of close-grained and ripe, the snow crystal and its interspaces increased, result in the maximal holding capability decreased, for snowmelt water outflow create condition.Base on the observation of snowmelt processes on study area for several years, use the numerical simulative method, establish a double-layer snowmelt model that base on energy balance, and simulated the snow water quantity (SWE) in 2009 and 2010 during snowmelt period, the correlation coefficient between observation and simulation is above 0.98, it account for that the numerical modeling methods and created snowmelt model is feasible used in this paper.The snowmelt model simulated the energy and water balances. The results indicate that solar radiation is the primary energy fountainhead, and the air temperature is major cause that decides the snowmelt speed, when the air temperature increased repaid will cause snowmelt flood easiness, otherwise large number of snowmelt water out of snow pack will transform into soil water and underflow, and it hard to form large flood.