Analysis And Simulation For Polarization Aberration Of Spatial Optical System

For most optical systems, it is assumed that the transmitted wavefront has uniform amplitude and constant polarization state across the exit pupil. This assumption is valid only when the amplitude variations and wavefront differences between the two polarization components are small enough and can be negligible for the problem at hand. It doesn't suit for the spatial optical systems which have high numerical aperture, large incident angles or work in wide wavelength. For these spatial optical systems, polarization aberration is one of the most important factors affecting the performance of optical systems. In order to reduce or even eliminate the polarization aberrations in spatial optical system, the research carried out a series of studies.Systematically introduce the source of polarization aberrations and basic theory of polarization aberrations, including the applications of the Jones calculus in the calculation of the polarization aberrations in optical system, polarization aberration function and two kinds of calculations of the polarization aberration function, one is the polarization ray tracing and the other is the second-order polarization aberration expansion.In order to verify polarization aberration's existence of space optical system which has high numerical aperture, large angle of incidence and wide spectrum, we took experiment on the digital laser wavefront interferometer to verify it. Ordinary ray tracing and polarization ray tracing were taken by Zemax and CodeV software on the digital laser wavefront interferometer. PV value increased by 33.59%. Then for the first time experiment was taken on this system. PV value increased by 34. 48%. We can see that the two results are approximately identical, so as a result we can verify the existence of polarization aberration in optical system.Systematically introduce the Pancharatnam-Berry phase optical elements (PBOEs) and the theory of the use of diffraction characteristics of sub-wavelength period grating to achieve PBOE . Describe how to use Jones calculus to describe the sub-wavelength period grating and the formula for representation of sub-wavelength period grating's impact on the phase of light. Systematically introduce the the FDTD algorithm.Designed a variety of gratings with different groove directions using FDTD software and Matlab software. Obtained the influence of plane incident wave phase by various gratings. Thus obtained the conclusion that the change of the grating grooves direction can change the phase of light waves. And on this basis, explored the possibility of using sub-wavelength grating to reduce or even eliminate the polarization aberration of spatial optical systems.