| Chongming Island belongs to the Chongming county, Shanghai city. It is the world biggest estuarine alluvial island, and also the third biggest island which is only inferior to Taiwan Island and Hainan Island. Few studies on insect diversity in Chongming Island is reported at present. So our group conducted the investigations six times and researched the insect diversity in Chongming Island from April to November, 2007, hoping to provide a theoretical basis and useful information for protecting the balance of ecological system and biodiversity.According to the terrain feature, 13 different places and 6 kinds of typical habitats from west to east of island were selected, among the spring, the summer and the fall, the relationship between habitat and insect diversity was expounded. The results were as follow:1. In Chongming Island, 11006 insect specimens belonging to 14 orders, 149 families and 298 species were collected. The orders Coleoptera (35 families), Lepidoptera (25 families), Hymenoptera (21 families), Diptera (16 families) are dominant. The families of the above-mentioned 4 orders account for 65.1% of the total families, the species account for 68.46% of total species, and the individuals account for 55.97% of the total individuals. The more dominant families of all orders are as follows: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae (26 species), Cerambycidae (12 species), the total species of two families accout for 40.86% of Coleoptera. Lepidoptera: Papilionidae (6 species), Nymphalidae (6 species), Sphingidae (6 species), the total of three families accout for 33.96%. Hymenoptera: Ichneumqnidae (6 species), Formicidae (6 species), the total of two families accout for 29.26%. Orthoptera: Gryllidae (5 species), accout for 21.74%. There are 36 dominant species.2. The 13 places including Dongtan wetland, Chenjia town, Binjiang park, Baozhenzhengda nursery, Changjiang farm, Park of dongping forest, Dongfeng farm, Beihu, Qianshao farm, Xinhai farm, Xisha wetland, Xisha shelter belt and Mingzhuhu were selected, and the species composition and quantity of insect community were analyzed, the results indicated that insect's quantity and the superiority group in different places are not same. 3. It was also indicated that the trends of the changes in the biodiversity index is coincident with those of Margalef index and Species richness index, and contrary to those of Simpson index. The relationship between Pielou index and other indices was not obvious. The cluster analysis indicated: it is a very tremendous influence of habitat types and vegetation condition to the insect community structure. Three main factors which influence insect diversity, such as plant diversity, plant structure and human disturbances were preliminary analysed.4. Six kinds of the habitats were chosen. Species richness (S), Shannon-weiner biodiversity index (H'), Pielou' eveness (E) and Similarity index (Cj) were adopted to analyze the insect diversity. Approximately 5800 specimens were collected. Among them, 245 species belonging to 13 orders, 110 families were recognized. The results showed that the species richness in summer was the highest, following were in spring and in autumn. Shannon-weiner biodiversity index (H') of the forest of park in summer was the highest, and of Xisha wetland in autumn was the lowest. Pielou' eveness (E) of the Dongtan wetland in spring was the highest and of the Xisha wetland in autumn was the lowest. Similarity index (Cj) was the highest (0.2769) between Dongtan wetland and Xisha wetland, and was the lowest (0) between Shelter belt and Wheat field. The results indicated that the diversity of insects was affected by many environmental factors.
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