| Based on the national peat survey Report of State Department of Geology and Mineral Resources in 1986, the National Peatland Information Query System has been built and the total peat reserves and the spatial and time distribution of peat conserved in peatland in China has been analysed; The Age-depth curves were established according to the measured datas of the profiles of the typical peatlands. Through least square method comparing the theory curve on carbon accumulation with the measured the age-depth curve, the parameters of accumulated carbon has been obtained and the carbon budgets on peatlands has been calaculated .The conclusions are as follows:1) According to National Peatland Information Query System, the total reserves of peat are 46.87×10~8 t (dry weight) and the carbon reserves in peat are approximately 9.52×10~8t.As the resolution of peat in south-north is different ,the distribution between total reserves and carbon reserves is slightly different.2) Peat-forming systems are composed of the acrotelm and catotelm.The acrotelm is that the plants forming carbon absorb the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere , change these into biomass contained carbon through aerobic decomposition and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere in the meanwhile that the plant remains are transferred into the catotelm.The process of catotelm is that the remains from the acrotelm are descomposed in the anaerobic environment ,some are shifted into carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gas and released them into air,and meanwhile the others are conserved in the anaerobic environment.The catotelm has significantly slowed the decomposition of plant residues.The carbon conserved in the peatland has temporarily quited the Geological cycle and meanwhile has been in favor of retarding the Global warming.3) Through calculating the carbon budgets in peatlands in Jinlong peatland in Baoqing, SanJiang plain; Longriba peatland in Hongyuan, Ruoergai plateau; JinChuan peatland in Changbai moutains;HaiGeng peatland in Dianchi ,Yunnan -Guizhou Plateau;we find that the amounts of carbon accumulated in these peatlands are always larger than those carbon released into the aomosphere,that is to say , this layer has 329.306×10~4 ton carbon sink..4) All peatlands in the northeast in China can accumulate 53170.15×10~4t carbon in peatlands and release 20520.58×10~4t carbon into the air,in 5000years. If 1ppmvC is equivalent to 2.12GtC and 7.8Gt carbon dioxide,the carbon released into the atmosphere is equivalent to increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide about 0.097ppmv and the carbon conserved in peatlands are about 53170.15×10~4t,which is equivalent to slowing the concentration of carbon dioxide about 0.251ppmv.The carbon accumulated in the northeast in China may control the concentration of greenhouse gas and retard the Global warming.5) Through calculating the carbon budgets, the conclusions show that carbon conserved in peatlands in China is 205095.6×10~4t, and released carbon is 72629.63×10~4t, the conserved carbon from peatland may decrease the concentration of carbon dioxide about 0.9674ppmv, and the released is 0.3426ppmv. The concentration of carbon dioxide has been varied from 280 ppm to 550 ppm and the tempature may increase about 1.5～3.5 centigrade degrees.Generally one ppm carbon dioxide will increase 0.005～0.0125 centigrade degrees,the carbon released from peatlands in China may decrease 0.0043 centigrade degrees.
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